Common expressions: modal adverbials

QuestionAnswer
I wonder if, I wonder whether
acaba

You can put acaba anywhere in the sentence. But the safest position would be either the end or the beginning of the sentence.

[Lit.] I wonder if I will be able to pass the test?
Acaba sınavı geçebilecek miyim?
I wonder where the toilets are?
Tuvaletler nerede acaba?
suicide
intihar
to commit suicide
intihar etmek
Bring me my money otherwise I'll commit suicide!
Bana paramı getirin yoksa intihar ederim!
fortunately, i'm glad that, thank goodness that
iyi ki
I'm glad that I don't smoke.
İyi ki sigara içmiyorum.
to hope, to trust
ummak
I hope, hopefully
umarım
to like, to enjoy
beğenmek
I hope you too enjoyed the movie.
Umarım siz de filmi beğenmişsinizdir.

The -dir ending in beğenmişsinizdir indicates the speaker's presumption or expectation that the listener has enjoyed the film.

I mean, in other words
yani

This is not completely informal, but it's best to avoid using when conversing with elderly, or people of higher social status'.

I mean I want to come, but maybe I won't. I don't know.
Yani gelmek istiyorum ama belki gelmem, bilmiyorum.
What do you mean? [Lit.] What do you want to say in other words?
Ne demek istiyorsun yani?

When someone is being ambiguous/cryptic and you want to confront them and clarify the subject.

hopefully, I hope
inşallah

Arabic equivalent of 'umarım' (I hope, hopefully).

accident, mishap
kaza
accident-free, without mishap
kazasız
trouble, nuisance, calamity
bela
without trouble, without nuisance
belasız
safe and sound
kazasız belasız
[Lit.] Hopefully you go without accidents without trouble.
İnşallah kazasız belasız gidersiniz.

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