Breakdown of Asansör dördüncü katta durdu.
kat
floor
durmak
to stop, to stand
asansör
elevator
dördüncü
fourth
Questions & Answers about Asansör dördüncü katta durdu.
How do we form "fourth" (dördüncü) from the number four (dört)?
To make ordinal numbers (like first, second, third), Turkish adds the suffix -inci, -uncu, -ıncı, or -üncü depending on vowel harmony. For dört, we use the -üncü suffix.
Why does the 't' in dört change to a 'd' in dördüncü?
This happens because of consonant mutation. When a Turkish word ends in a hard consonant like 't' and you add a suffix starting with a vowel (like -üncü), that hard consonant often softens. Here, 't' becomes 'd' to make pronunciation smoother.
The suffix for "in" or "on" is usually -da or -de. Why is it -ta in katta?
This is due to consonant assimilation, sometimes taught as the "Fıstıkçı Şahap" rule. If a word ends in a voiceless, hard consonant (like the 't' in kat, which means floor), the suffix must also start with a voiceless consonant. So, the -da suffix hardens to -ta.
Why does durdu end in -du instead of -di for the past tense?
The past tense suffix changes to match the last vowel of the verb root based on 4-way vowel harmony. Since the root dur- (to stop) has the vowel 'u', the past tense suffix also uses 'u', making it -du.
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