Learn Turkish: Çorba hastaya iyi geliyor. - Soup does the sick person good.

The word geliyor literally means "is coming", so iyi geliyor translates to "comes well" or "comes good". In Turkish, this is the standard phrase to say that something is beneficial, healing, or "does good" for someone.

Can hasta mean "sick person" instead of just "sick"?

Yes! In Turkish, you can often use an adjective directly as a noun. Depending on the context, hasta can mean the adjective "sick" or the noun "patient" or "sick person".

Why is there a -ya at the end of hastaya?

The phrase iyi gelmek (to do good) requires the dative case to show who receives the benefit (doing good "to" someone). Since hasta ends in a vowel and the dative suffix here is -a, we need the buffer letter -y- between them to stop two vowels from crashing together.

Since we are learning about consonant mutation, why doesn't anything mutate in hastaya?

Consonant mutation only happens to words that end in specific hard consonants (k, t, p, ç). Because hasta ends in a vowel (a), there is no consonant to soften. Instead of mutating, it just uses the buffer letter -y- before adding the vowel suffix.