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Questions & Answers about Pasaportum hazır.
I don't see a word for "my". How do we know it's "my passport"?
In Turkish, ownership is usually shown by adding a suffix to the end of the noun. The word for passport is pasaport. To make it "my passport", we add the 1st person singular possessive suffix -um, giving us pasaportum. You can add the word benim (my) at the beginning for emphasis, but the suffix does all the heavy lifting!
Why is the possessive suffix -um here instead of -im?
The suffix changes to match the last vowel of the word it attaches to. This is called 4-way vowel harmony. The last vowel in pasaport is 'o'. According to the harmony rules, if the last vowel is 'o' or 'u', the suffix uses 'u'. Therefore, we add -um.
How would I change this to say "your passport is ready"?
To say "your passport", you use the 2nd person singular possessive suffix. Following the exact same vowel harmony rule, you just swap the -um for an -un, making the word pasaportun. The full sentence is Pasaportun hazır.
Where is the word for "is" in this sentence?
In Turkish, there is no separate word for "is" in this kind of present tense sentence. The state of being is implied. Simply placing the subject pasaportum (my passport) next to the adjective hazır (ready) automatically means "My passport is ready."