Learn Turkish: Kız resim çiziyor. - The girl is drawing a picture.

The root of the verb is çiz- (to draw). Since it ends in a consonant, we add a vowel before the -yor suffix. Following 4-way vowel harmony, the i in çiz dictates that we use the i version of the suffix, making it -iyor.

Why isn't there a word for 'the' or 'a' in the Turkish sentence?

Turkish doesn't have a word for 'the', so kız can mean 'girl' or 'the girl' depending on context. While you could use bir for 'a picture' (bir resim), Turkish often drops it when a general object is placed right next to the verb.

Why is the verb at the very end of the sentence?

Turkish naturally follows a Subject-Object-Verb structure. Kız (the subject) comes first, resim (the object) is in the middle, and the action çiziyor (the verb) is at the end.

Does çiziyor need a personal ending to show who is drawing?

No. The third-person singular (he/she/it) does not take an extra personal suffix in the present continuous tense. The tense suffix -iyor is enough, whether the subject is a pronoun like o or a noun like kız.