Learn Turkish: Tuvalet şurada. - The restroom is there.

In Turkish, the "to be" verb (am/is/are) is usually attached to the end of a word as a suffix. However, for the "he/she/it" form (like "the restroom is"), you do not actually need to add a suffix. Just saying Tuvalet şurada is a perfectly complete sentence meaning "The restroom is there."

How does şurada compare to burada and orada?

These are all used to answer nerede (where) questions. Burada means "here" (close to you). Orada means "there" (far away). Şurada is a special pointing word used when you want to draw someone's attention to a specific spot, usually meaning "right there" or "just over there" where you can physically point.

How would I ask the question that gets this answer?

Since the current lesson focuses on nerede (where), you would simply ask Tuvalet nerede? which means "Where is the restroom?". Notice how the question word nerede is replaced by the location word şurada to form the answer, while the word order stays exactly the same.

Does tuvalet refer to the toilet itself or the whole room?

Just like "restroom" or "bathroom" in English, tuvalet is the most common, socially acceptable way to ask for the facilities in public places like restaurants, airports, or cafes in Turkey.