Saying "When" or "As soon as"
To express that one event happens immediately after or at the time of another, attach -ınca directly to the verb stem. This translates to "when" or "as soon as."
You do not add personal endings to the "when" verb. The main verb at the end of the sentence indicates who is doing the action and sets the tense.
The suffix follows 4-way vowel harmony based on the last vowel of the verb stem:
- -ınca (after a, ı)
- -ince (after e, i)
- -unca (after o, u)
- -ünce (after ö, ü)
If the verb stem ends in a vowel, you must add the buffer letter y before the suffix (-yınca, -yince, -yunca, -yünce).
Let's look at a few examples with front vowels (üretmek → üretince, birleştirmek → birleştirince):
| As soon as the workers produce the new product, the engineer checks it. | İşçiler yeni ürünü üretince mühendis onu kontrol ediyor. |
| When the workers assemble the parts, the machine works. | İşçiler parçaları birleştirince makine çalışıyor. |
Here is an example using the buffer letter y, since the stem for starting (başlamak) ends in a vowel (başla + y + ınca):
| When production starts, the factory hires many workers. | Üretim başlayınca fabrika çok işçi alıyor. |
And here is an example using a rounded vowel (durmak → durunca):
| When the belt stops, the assembly finishes. | Bant durunca montaj bitiyor. |
You can also use this structure to set up a condition or trigger for a command:
| As soon as the products arrive, package them carefully on the belt. | Ürünler gelince onları bantta dikkatli paketleyin. |
| When the assembly finishes, check the standards. | Montaj bitince standartları kontrol edin. |