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### The Conditional 'Would': `-(A/I)rdI`

To describe what *would* happen in a hypothetical or imaginary scenario, Turkish uses the aorist past tense. You create this by stacking the past tense suffix (`-dI`) directly onto the aorist tense suffix (`-Ar`, `-Ir`, or `-r`). Finally, add the personal suffix.

*ol-* (to be) + *-ur* (aorist) + *-du* (past) + *-m* (I) = *olurdum* (I would be)

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### Negative Hypotheticals

To say that something *would not* happen, use the negative aorist suffix (`-mAz`) before adding the past tense suffix.

*fırlat-* (to launch) + *-maz* (negative aorist) + *-dı* (past) = *fırlatmazdı* (would not launch)

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### Imaginary Conditions

These hypothetical statements often follow an "if" condition. The conditional part of the sentence uses the suffix `-sA`, while the resulting hypothetical action uses the aorist past (`-(A/I)rdI`).

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### Asking Hypothetical Questions

To ask if something *would* happen, place the question particle (`mI`) after the aorist suffix. Because the past tense suffix attaches to the question particle instead of the verb, you must use the buffer letter `y`.

*değiş-* (to change) + *-ir* (aorist) + *mi* (question) + *y* (buffer) + *-di* (past) = *değişir miydi?* (would it change?)

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The conditional 'would' (-(A/I)rdI)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
astronaut	astronot
I would be an astronaut.	Ben astronot olurdum.
That astronaut would discover a new planet.	Şu astronot yeni bir gezegen keşfederdi.
rocket	roket
The rocket would fly to space.	Roket uzaya uçardı.
to launch / to throw	fırlatmak
They would launch a big rocket.	Büyük bir roket fırlatırlardı.
Nobody would launch that rocket.	Kimse o roketi fırlatmazdı.
galaxy	galaksi
The astronauts would go to another galaxy.	Astronotlar başka bir galaksiye giderdi.
We would examine that galaxy.	Biz o galaksiyi incelerdik.
telescope	teleskop
to observe	gözlemlemek
I would observe the galaxy with a telescope.	Galaksiyi bir teleskopla gözlemlerdim.
Everyone would use this telescope.	Herkes bu teleskobu kullanırdı.
alien / extraterrestrial	uzaylı
The aliens would speak with us.	Uzaylılar bizimle konuşurdu.
I would be surprised if an alien came.	Bir uzaylı gelirse şaşırırdım.
The planet's atmosphere would be very hot.	Gezegenin atmosferi çok sıcak olurdu.
Would the atmosphere change very fast?	Atmosfer çok hızlı değişir miydi?
We would want to observe the planets from there.	Gezegenleri oradan gözlemlemek isterdik.
colony	koloni
The aliens would establish a colony.	Uzaylılar bir koloni kurardı.
Would there be a big colony on that planet?	Şu gezegende büyük bir koloni olur muydu?
living creature / alive	canlı
A strange living creature would live there.	Orada garip bir canlı yaşardı.
No other living creature would hear us.	Başka hiçbir canlı bizi duymazdı.
universe	evren
We would find a new life in the universe.	Evrende yeni bir hayat bulurduk.
surface	yüzey
That planet's surface would be both hot and dark.	O gezegenin yüzeyi hem sıcak hem karanlık olurdu.
oxygen	oksijen
What would you do on a planet that doesn't have oxygen?	Oksijeni olmayan bir gezegende ne yapardınız?
Who else would live in this big universe?	Bu büyük evrende başka kim yaşardı?
Walking on the surface would be very difficult for us.	Yüzeyde yürümek bizim için çok zor olurdu.
We would escape from that planet, but our oxygen would run out.	O gezegenden kaçardık ama oksijenimiz biterdi.