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Imagine you are walking down the street and suddenly lock eyes with your favorite actor! To talk about exciting life experiences, chance encounters, and things you have or haven't done, Turkish uses the word **hiç** (ever / never) paired with past tenses.

### Asking "Have you ever...?"

In a question, **hiç** means "ever." To ask someone if they have *ever* done something, simply place **hiç** before the verb. While English uses the present perfect ("have you ever..."), Turkish just uses the standard simple past tense.

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### Saying "I have never..."

When used in a statement, **hiç** means "never." Turkish uses double negatives, so when you use **hiç**, the verb *must* also be in its negative form.

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### Expressing Hearsay: Hiç with -miş

If you are talking about someone else's experiences that you haven't witnessed firsthand, or if you are expressing a surprising discovery, pair **hiç** with the inferential past tense (**-miş**).

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### Shifting to the Past: Had never...

When telling a story about a past event, you might need to say that you "had never" experienced something up until that moment. For this, combine **hiç** with the past perfect tense (**-mişti**).

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Experiential aspect (hiç)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
famous	ünlü
to encounter	karşılaşmak
I have never encountered a famous actor in my life.	Hayatımda hiç ünlü bir oyuncuyla karşılaşmadım.
singer	şarkıcı
to run into	rastlamak
Have you ever run into a famous singer?	Hiç ünlü bir şarkıcıya rastladın mı?
Have you ever run into a famous person walking on the street?	Sokakta yürüyen ünlü birine hiç rastladınız mı?
We have never encountered someone like you before.	Daha önce hiç senin gibi biriyle karşılaşmadık.
Apparently, this singer has never given a concert before.	Bu şarkıcı daha önce hiç konser vermemiş.
incredible	inanılmaz
coincidence	tesadüf
I have never heard such an incredible coincidence!	Hiç böyle inanılmaz bir tesadüf duymadım!
This must be just an incredible coincidence.	Bu, sadece inanılmaz bir tesadüf olmalı.
by chance	tesadüfen
Have you ever seen an old friend by chance?	Hiç tesadüfen eski bir arkadaşını gördün mü?
backstage	kulis
They must have encountered each other by chance backstage.	Onlar kuliste tesadüfen karşılaşmış olmalı.
I had never entered the backstage before.	Daha önce hiç kulise girmemiştim.
to get excited	heyecanlanmak
I have never gotten this excited in my life.	Hayatımda hiç bu kadar heyecanlanmadım.
personally	bizzat
The boy who spoke with him personally had gotten very excited.	Bizzat onunla konuşan çocuk çok heyecanlanmıştı.
Have you ever seen him personally?	Onu hiç bizzat gördünüz mü?