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### "Except For" and "Besides" with "-den başka"

When you need to exclude someone from a group ("except for") or add something to a list ("besides"), Turkish uses the word **başka** combined with the **ablative case**. 

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To form this, simply attach the ablative suffix (**-dan**, **-den**, **-tan**, or **-ten**) to the noun or pronoun, followed by the word **başka**.

### Expressing Exceptions

When used to mean "except for," this structure excludes the attached noun from the rest of the statement. Notice how pronouns like **o** (he/she/it) take the ablative case to become **ondan**.

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### Expressing Additions

Depending on the context, **-dan başka** can also mean "besides" or "other than," showing that you are looking for something in addition to what was already mentioned.

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### Using "-dan başka" with Negatives and Actions

You will frequently see this structure paired with negative verbs or words like "hiçbir şey" (nothing) to emphasize that there is absolutely nothing except the item mentioned.

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You can also attach **-dan başka** to actions. To say "besides doing" or "other than doing" an activity, use the dictionary form of the verb (**-mak** / **-mek**) and add the ablative suffix (**-maktan başka** / **-mekten başka**).

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Exception and addition (-dan başka)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
besides / except for	-den başka
guest (invited) / invitee	davetli
peanut / pistachio	fıstık
allergy	alerji
Except for him, all the guests have a peanut allergy.	Ondan başka tüm davetlilerde fıstık alerjisi var.
vegetarian	vejetaryen
Except for the vegetarian guests, everyone is eating meat.	Vejetaryen davetlilerden başka herkes et yiyor.
vegan	vegan
beverage / drink	içecek
We must prepare a vegan beverage besides water.	Sudan başka vegan bir içecek hazırlamalıyız.
to decorate	süslemek
Can I decorate the beverages other than tea with fruit?	Çaydan başka içecekleri meyve ile süsleyebilir miyim?
gluten	glüten
treat / refreshment	ikram
Besides this cake, is there a treat that contains gluten?	Bu pastadan başka glüten içeren bir ikram var mı?
nuts	kuruyemiş
Does he have an allergy to other nuts besides peanuts?	Fıstıktan başka diğer kuruyemişlere alerjisi var mı?
When the party started, except for me, no one was thinking about the vegans.	Parti başlayınca benden başka kimse veganları düşünmüyordu.
She was decorating three treats besides the cake.	Pastadan başka üç tane ikram süslüyordu.
What can those who have a peanut allergy eat besides salad?	Fıstık alerjisi olanlar salatadan başka ne yiyebilir?
We need to buy three beverages besides the peanut milk.	Fıstık sütünden başka üç tane içecek almamız lazım.
I do not like doing anything besides decorating the salon.	Salonu süslemekten başka hiçbir şey yapmayı sevmiyorum.
While I was sick, I was drinking nothing except for tea.	Hastayken çaydan başka hiçbir şey içmiyordum.
Is there a vegetarian treat besides nuts?	Kuruyemişten başka vejetaryen ikram var mı?
The guest has no allergy other than gluten.	Misafirin glütenden başka bir alerjisi yok.