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### Expressing "The Thing I Must Do"

To describe a noun with a relative clause expressing necessity—like "the crib that I must assemble"—Turkish uses a construction that translates literally to "the crib of my assembling being necessary."

This is formed by taking the verb stem, adding the verbal noun suffix (`-ma` or `-me`), and attaching the possessive suffix that matches the person who needs to do the action. This is followed by the word **gereken** (the relative participle of *gerekmek*, meaning "that is necessary") and the noun being described.

| Subject | Verb Stem | Suffixes | Phrase | Meaning |
|---------|-----------|----------|--------|---------|
| Ben | kur- | -ma-m | kurmam gereken beşik | the crib that I must assemble |
| Sen | hazırla- | -ma-n | hazırlaman gereken kundak | the swaddle that you must prepare |
| O / Bebek | uyu- | -ma-sı | bebeğin uyuması gereken beşik | the crib the baby must sleep in |
| Biz | al- | -ma-mız | almamız gereken pudra | the powder that we must buy |

As with other compound structures, the specific "doer" of the action can optionally be stated using the Genitive case (e.g., *benim*, *senin*, *onların*) for clarity or emphasis. Notice that when the subject is *onlar* (they), the third-person singular possessive suffix (`-sı` or `-si`) is frequently used on the verbal noun instead of the plural form, especially when the subject is explicitly stated.

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### Nursery Preparations and Chores

This structure is perfectly suited for running through checklists and daily chores, such as preparing the nursery for a newborn.

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You can also use this structure in more complex sentences, seamlessly combining it with clauses like *diye* (so that) to explain exactly *why* the action is necessary.

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Affirmative necessity relatives (-ması gereken)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
to be necessary / to be needed	gerekmek
crib	beşik
The crib I must assemble stands right there.	Benim kurmam gereken beşik şurada duruyor.
The crib the baby must sleep in is very safe.	Bebeğin uyuması gereken beşik çok güvenli.
swaddle	kundak
The swaddle you must prepare is on the bed.	Senin hazırlaman gereken kundak yatağın üstünde.
The swaddle they must wash is very dirty.	Onların yıkaması gereken kundak çok kirli.
powder	pudra
The powder we must buy is finished.	Bizim almamız gereken pudra bitti.
The powder you must apply by yourself is also here.	Kendi kendine sürmen gereken pudra da burada.
wipe / handkerchief	mendil
Where is the wet wipe I must put in the bag?	Çantaya koymam gereken ıslak mendil nerede?
The wipe you must buy is on sale.	Senin alman gereken mendil indirimde.
pump	pompa
The pump she must use is broken.	Onun kullanması gereken pompa bozuk.
The pump she must carry in the bag is not heavy.	Çantada taşıması gereken pompa ağır değil.
thermometer	termometre
The thermometer I must check broke.	Benim kontrol etmem gereken termometre kırıldı.
The thermometer you must hang on the wall is not here.	Senin duvara asman gereken termometre burada yok.
to sterilize	sterilize etmek
The bottles the mother must sterilize are in the kitchen.	Annenin sterilize etmesi gereken biberonlar mutfakta.
There are pacifiers we must sterilize immediately so that the baby doesn't get sick.	Bebek hasta olmasın diye hemen sterilize etmemiz gereken emzikler var.
cover / case (protective sleeve)	kılıf
The cover I must wash is in the machine.	Yıkamam gereken kılıf makinede.
This is the cover we must change so that the baby doesn't get cold.	Bebek üşümesin diye değiştirmemiz gereken kılıf bu.
rattle	çıngırak
The rattle we must put in the room is not red.	Odaya koymamız gereken çıngırak kırmızı değil.
Which part must you paint for the crib?	Beşik için boyamanız gereken neresi?
The rattle we must urgently find is lost.	Bizim acil bulmamız gereken çıngırak kayıp.

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