In the Garden
In this lesson, we will explore the garden and learn how to talk about plant care, such as watering (รดน้ำ) and applying fertilizer (ใส่ปุ๋ย).
Increasing Change of State (-ขึ้น)
When you want to express that a state or condition is increasing, improving, or becoming "more" of something, place the word ขึ้น directly after an adjective (stative verb).
For example, if a plant is getting fresher or its roots are getting stronger, you add ขึ้น to the end of the description.
You can use this pattern with many descriptive words to show positive progression or growth.
Decreasing Change of State (-ลง)
Conversely, when a condition is decreasing, deteriorating, or going downward, use the word ลง after the adjective.
For instance, if a leaf is withering (เหี่ยว) or the soil quality is getting worse (แย่), you will use ลง to indicate that negative or declining change.
Sprouting Seeds
Finally, as you tend to your garden, you will also talk about seeds (เมล็ด) sprouting (งอก). Unlike a gradual change in quality, sprouting is a simple action verb.