Learn Swedish: Vilken enorm risk för en liten vinst! - What an enormous risk for a small profit!

When making an exclamation about a noun (like saying "What a..." in English), Swedish uses vilken, vilket, or vilka depending on the noun's gender and number. Because risk is an en-word, we use vilken. You generally only use vad for asking actual questions. Notice also that Swedish doesn't add en after the exclamation; vilken covers "What a" all by itself.

Is liten the standard form for "small"? I thought it was små.

Liten is a very common but highly irregular adjective. You use liten for singular en-words, which is why it matches en vinst. Små is only used for plural nouns. For singular ett-words, the form is litet.

How can you tell the gender of the nouns risk and vinst from this sentence?

You can spot that both are en-words by looking at the words attached to them. Risk is paired with Vilken and the basic adjective form enorm. Vinst directly follows the article en and the en-word adjective form liten. If they were ett-words, the sentence would use Vilket enormt and ett litet.

Does vinst always mean "profit"?