Questions & Answers about Han fryser nog i skogen ikväll.
How does the word nog change the meaning of this sentence?
nog is a modal particle, which is a short word used to show the speaker's attitude. Here, it shows you are making a strong guess or assumption. It translates well to "probably" or "I expect". Without nog, the sentence would be a strict fact: "He is freezing." With nog, it becomes an assumption: "He is probably freezing."
The English translation says "He will be cold", but isn't fryser in the present tense?
Yes! In Swedish, it is very common to use the present tense to talk about the future, as long as there is a time-word that makes the future clear. Here, the word ikväll (tonight) tells us when it happens, so you do not need to add a future marker like kommer att.
Could I say Han är kall instead of using the verb fryser?
No, if you want to say that a person feels cold, you must use the verb fryser (literally "is freezing"). If you say Han är kall, it means his physical body is cold to the touch, or that he has a cold, unfriendly personality!
Why is nog placed right after the verb fryser?
In a standard Swedish main clause, the first verb is always in the second position. Short adverbs and particles like nog, ju, väl, and inte usually go right after that first verb.