Past participles as adjectives
When using a verb's past participle as an adjective (like "smashed" or "scratched"), it must agree with the noun's gender, number, and definiteness.
For singular en words, use the base form of the participle.
| I have a smashed screen on my phone. | Jag har en krossad skärm på min telefon. |
For ett words, change a final -d to -t, and a final -en to -et.
| He finds a smashed window in the house. | Han hittar ett krossat fönster i huset. |
| Do you know the value of a stolen passport? | Vet du värdet på ett stulet pass? |
Definite and plural forms
When the noun is plural or definite, the participle's ending changes based on its base form:
- -ad becomes -ade (repad → repade)
- -d becomes -da (förstörd → förstörda)
- -en becomes -na (stulen → stulna)
| The destroyed computer is at the office. | Den förstörda datorn är på kontoret. |
| You must document the scratched cars. | Du måste dokumentera de repade bilarna. |
| Are you reporting stolen cars? | Anmäler ni stulna bilar? |
Filing an insurance claim
You will frequently use these descriptive forms when dealing with insurance (försäkringen) and seeking compensation (ersättningen).
| The compensation covers the destroyed table. | Ersättningen täcker det förstörda bordet. |
When submitting a claim, it is important to provide proof (beviset) of the damage (skadan).
| The evidence shows the damage and the value of the stolen boat. | Beviset visar skadan och värdet på den stulna båten. |
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