Deponent verbs (-s)

Swedish has a unique group of verbs that always end in -s. While an -s ending usually marks the passive voice, these specific verbs have an entirely active meaning. Because they look passive but act active, they are called deponent verbs.

We breathe in and out.
Vi andas in och ut.
They sweat a lot in the studio.
De svettas mycket i studion.

Present Tense

Standard verbs usually end in -r in the present tense. Deponent verbs skip this -r and instead end in -s.

For verbs like andas (to breathe), hoppas (to hope), lyckas (to succeed), and svettas (to sweat), the present tense is identical to the infinitive.

You must breathe and relax.
Du måste andas och slappna av.
Today I hope that we succeed.
Idag hoppas jag att vi lyckas.

Other deponent verbs drop the a from their infinitive ending (-as) in the present tense. For example, kännas (to feel/seem) becomes känns, minnas (to remember) becomes minns, and trivas (to thrive) becomes trivs.

Today the exercise feels very difficult.
Idag känns övningen mycket svår.
Do you remember the studio where we used to train?
Minns du studion där vi brukade träna?
We enjoy it here in the calm studio.
Vi trivs här i den lugna studion.

The Permanent "-s"

The -s ending is a permanent part of the verb. Whether you use the infinitive, present, or a past tense, the verb always keeps its -s.

It has often felt difficult to find the balance.
Det har ofta känts svårt att hitta balansen.

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