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To compare two completely different situations—like the opposite lifestyles of a morning person and a night owl—use the conjunction **medan** ("whereas" or "while"). It links two clauses to highlight the contrast between them, typically following a comma.

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Use **medan** to describe opposing routines:

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It is also perfect for contrasting opposing needs and experiences:

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Contrasting ideas (medan)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite ending (barnet, hunden)

Indefinite articles and -ar verbs (en, ett)

Basic word order

Singular adjectives (stor, stort)

Plural adjectives (-a)

Sentence negation (inte)

Yes/No questions

Basic question words (vad, vem, var)

Regular Group 2 verbs (-er)

Short verbs and irregulars (har, gör)

The infinitive marker (att)

Modal verbs (kan, vill, måste, får)

Future intention (ska)

Time adverbs (imorgon, igår)

Word order inversion

Adverbs of frequency (ibland, aldrig)

Everyday things (dörren, stolen, tåget)

Definite suffix spelling changes

Plural nouns Group 1 and 2 (-or, -ar)

Plural nouns Group 3 (-er, -r)

Neuter indefinite plurals

Definite plural suffixes (-na, -a, -en)

Object pronouns (mig, dig, oss)

Reflexive pronouns (sig)

Expanded question words (när, varför)

Which and what (vilken, vilket, vilka)

Coordinating conjunctions (men, eller, för)

Prepositions of place (i, på, till, från)

Quantifiers (mycket, många)

Indefinite pronouns (någon, något, några)

First and second person possessives (min, din, vår, er)

Third person possessives (hans, hennes, dess, deras)

Reflexive possessives (sin, sitt, sina)

The genitive (-s)

Adjectives before singular nouns

Adjectives before plural nouns (-a)

Double definiteness (den, det, de)

Demonstratives (den här, det här, de här)

The imperative mood

Past tense of vara and ha (var, hade)

Possessives for names (-s)

Definite plural adjectives (de ... -a)

Genitive case for names (-s)

Numbers 1 to 10 (en, två, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (elva till tjugo)

Counting by tens to 100 (trettio, fyrtio...)

Days of the week (måndag, tisdag...)

Months of the year (januari, februari...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (första, andra...)

Greetings and politeness (hej, tack, förlåt)

Particle verbs of direction (gå ut, komma in)

Simple past: Group 1 (-ade)

Simple past: Group 2a (-de)

Simple past: Group 2b (-te)

Simple past: Group 3 (-dde)

Simple past: Group 4

Present perfect: Groups 1 and 2 (har)

Present perfect: Groups 3 and 4

Past perfect (hade)

Future predictions (kommer att)

Future with present tense

The adjective small (liten, litet, små)

Demonstratives of distance (den där, det där, de där)

Negative pronouns (ingen, inget, inga)

Universal pronouns (all, allt, alla)

The generic pronoun (man, en)

Possessive generic pronoun (ens)

Reciprocal pronoun (varandra)

Qualitative pronouns (sådan, sådant, sådana)

Habitual time expressions (på)

Specific past time expressions (i)

Past time expressions (för ... sedan)

Future time expressions (om)

Location and motion adverbs (här/hit, där/dit)

Consequences (så)

Correlative conjunctions (både ... och)

Either and neither (antingen ... eller, varken ... eller)

Verbs of opinion and belief (tycker, tror, tänker)

Subordinate clauses (att, om)

Time clauses (när, innan, medan)

Clauses of cause (eftersom, därför att)

Negation in subordinate clauses (inte)

V2 word order inversion

Relative clauses as subjects (som)

Relative clauses as objects (som)

Relative clauses for places (där)

Adverbs from adjectives (-t)

Adjective comparative and superlative (-are, -ast)

Question	Answer
the morning person	morgonmänniskan
alert	pigg
the night owl	nattugglan
The morning person is alert, whereas the night owl is tired.	Morgonmänniskan är pigg, medan nattugglan är trött.
the shift worker	skiftarbetaren
the sleep	sömnen
The shift worker needs his sleep, whereas his wife works.	Skiftarbetaren behöver sin sömn, medan hans fru jobbar.
the sunlight	solljuset
The night owl loves the darkness, whereas the morning person prefers the sunlight.	Nattugglan älskar mörkret, medan morgonmänniskan föredrar solljuset.
the earplug	öronproppen
Sunlight destroys sleep, whereas the earplugs help one to rest.	Solljuset förstör sömnen, medan öronpropparna hjälper en att vila.
The shift worker drinks coffee in the kitchen at night, whereas the morning person sleeps.	Skiftarbetaren dricker kaffe i köket på natten, medan morgonmänniskan sover.
isolated	isolerad
The shift worker feels isolated, whereas the rest of us spend time together.	Skiftarbetaren känner sig isolerad, medan vi andra umgås.
opposite (contrary, reverse)	motsatt
They have an opposite lifestyle, whereas we have the same habits as the boss.	De har en motsatt livsstil, medan vi har samma vanor som chefen.
I am alert in the evening, whereas my wife is very tired.	Jag är pigg på kvällen, medan min fru är väldigt trött.
the roller blind	rullgardinen
He pulls down the roller blind in the bedroom in the morning, whereas she looks for the earplugs.	Han drar ner rullgardinen i sovrummet på morgonen, medan hon letar efter öronpropparna.
The night owl often feels isolated, whereas the morning person has a completely opposite life.	Nattugglan känner sig ofta isolerad, medan morgonmänniskan har ett helt motsatt liv.
The shift worker needs the roller blind, whereas the morning person loves the sunlight.	Skiftarbetaren behöver rullgardinen, medan morgonmänniskan älskar solljuset.