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Spanish (Spain)

### Where to? **¿adónde?**

With verbs of motion (**ir**, **venir**, **volver**…), **¿adónde?** asks for the destination. It is also written **¿a dónde?**, and plain **¿dónde?** with a verb of motion is correct too. In an indirect question the accent stays: **Nadie sabe adónde ha ido**.

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Where there is no movement, only **¿dónde?** works: **¿Dónde estás?**, not *¿Adónde estás?*

### **adonde**, no accent

Without a question, **adonde** joins a clause about a destination. Like **donde**, it takes the subjunctive when the place is still unknown.

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### Which of…? **¿Cuál de…?**

To pick from a group, put **de** after the question word. **Cuál** agrees in number (**cuáles**), **cuánto** in number and gender (**cuántos**, **cuántas**).

| question | English |
|---|---|
| **¿Cuál de** los dos…? | which of the two |
| **¿Cuáles de** estos libros…? | which of these books |
| **¿Quién de** vosotros…? | which of you |
| **¿Cuántos de** tus amigos…? | how many of your friends |

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### Common mistake

- *¿Qué de los dos prefieres?* → **¿Cuál de los dos prefieres?**: **qué** is not followed by **de** + a group.

Where to? Which of…? (¿adónde?, ¿cuál de…?)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
where (to)? (with verbs of motion)	adónde
Where are you going so fast?	¿Adónde vas tan rápido?
Where did you guys go on vacation?	¿Adónde fuisteis de vacaciones?
Where do you want to go on Saturday?	¿Adónde quieres ir el sábado?
No one knows where Luis has gone.	Nadie sabe adónde ha ido Luis.
Which of the two do you prefer?	¿Cuál de los dos prefieres?
Which of these books are yours?	¿Cuáles de estos libros son tuyos?
Which of you guys speaks German?	¿Quién de vosotros habla alemán?
Which of your cousins lives in Madrid?	¿Quién de tus primos vive en Madrid?
How many of your friends are Spanish?	¿Cuántos de tus amigos son españoles?
How many of these questions have you answered?	¿Cuántas de estas preguntas has contestado?
where, to the place where (relative, with verbs of motion)	adonde
Let's go wherever you want.	Vamos adonde tú quieras.
This is the village where we used to go every summer.	Este es el pueblo adonde íbamos cada verano.
We will go wherever there are fewer people.	Iremos adonde haya menos gente.

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