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Spanish (Spain)

### Sweet things

**El flan**, a caramel custard, is a classic dessert on a Spanish set menu. **Las magdalenas** are small sponge cakes in paper cups, and many people dip them (**mojar**) in coffee or milk at breakfast. **Un bollo** is usually a sweet bun.

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### **Bocadillo** or **sándwich**?

In Spain these are two different things:

| | the bread |
|---|---|
| **el bocadillo** | a **barra**, a baguette-style loaf |
| **el sándwich** | soft sliced bread, often toasted |

A toasted ham-and-cheese **sándwich** is a café classic. The plural is **sándwiches**.

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### **Infusiones**

**Una infusión** is an herbal tea. The classic is **la manzanilla**, chamomile, a common remedy for an upset stomach. In Andalusia, **una manzanilla** can also be a dry sherry-type wine.

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### **Cava** and **champán**

**El cava** is Spanish sparkling wine, most of it from Catalonia; people often toast with it at Christmas. **El champán** comes from France, though many people say **champán** for any sparkling wine.

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### Asking politely

The conditional softens a request: **¿Me podría traer…?** to a waiter, **¿Te importaría…?** to someone you call **tú**.

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Sweet treats and drinks (el flan, el batido)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the flan (caramel custard)	el flan
For dessert, could you bring me a flan?	De postre, ¿me podría traer un flan?
My grandmother's flan is really good.	El flan de mi abuela es buenísimo.
Would you mind making a flan for dinner?	¿Te importaría hacer un flan para la cena?
the muffin (small sponge cake)	la magdalena
My grandfather has coffee with muffins for breakfast.	Mi abuelo desayuna café con magdalenas.
The children dip the muffins in the milk.	Los niños mojan las magdalenas en la leche.
Could you buy muffins at the bakery?	¿Podrías comprar magdalenas en la panadería?
the sweet bun	el bollo
My son eats sweet buns every day.	Mi hijo come bollos todos los días.
They sell chocolate buns in this bakery.	En esta panadería venden bollos de chocolate.
I'd have a sweet bun with a coffee.	Me comería un bollo con un café.
the milkshake	el batido
Can I have a strawberry milkshake?	¿Me pone un batido de fresa?
I would like a chocolate milkshake, please.	Me gustaría un batido de chocolate, por favor.
The milkshakes at this café are really tasty.	Los batidos de esta cafetería son riquísimos.
the candy	el caramelo
Candies are bad for the teeth.	Los caramelos son malos para los dientes.
My grandmother always carries candies.	Mi abuela siempre lleva caramelos.
Would you give me a candy?	¿Me darías un caramelo?
the chewing gum	el chicle
Would you mind throwing away the chewing gum?	¿Te importaría tirar el chicle?
There is a piece of chewing gum under the table.	Hay un chicle debajo de la mesa.
the chamomile tea	la manzanilla
Could you bring me a chamomile tea, please?	¿Me podría traer una manzanilla, por favor?
If your stomach hurts, have a chamomile tea.	Si te duele el estómago, tómate una manzanilla.
At night I have a chamomile tea with honey.	Por la noche tomo una manzanilla con miel.
the herbal tea	la infusión
What herbal teas do you have?	¿Qué infusiones tienen?
I don't drink coffee; I prefer an herbal tea.	No tomo café; prefiero una infusión.
Do you feel like an herbal tea?	¿Te apetece una infusión?
the cava (Spanish sparkling wine)	el cava
At Christmas we always open a bottle of cava.	En Navidad siempre abrimos una botella de cava.
the champagne	el champán
Cava is usually cheaper than champagne.	El cava suele ser más barato que el champán.
Would you prefer champagne or cava?	¿Preferirías champán o cava?
I would like a glass of champagne.	Querría una copa de champán.
the pizza	la pizza
Shall we order a pizza tonight?	¿Pedimos una pizza esta noche?
Would you mind ordering the pizza by phone?	¿Te importaría pedir la pizza por teléfono?
the sandwich (sliced bread)	el sándwich
Could you make me a ham and cheese sandwich?	¿Me podrías hacer un sándwich de jamón y queso?
Do you prefer a sliced-bread sandwich or a baguette sandwich?	¿Prefieres un sándwich o un bocadillo?
For the trip, I'm making some sandwiches.	Para el viaje, preparo unos sándwiches.
to split (into pieces)	partir
Shall we split the pizza into eight pieces?	¿Partimos la pizza en ocho trozos?
My grandmother split the cake in two.	Mi abuela partió la tarta en dos.

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