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Spanish (Spain)

### Same word, new meaning

Four words you know have a second everyday meaning when you travel.

| word | the meaning you know | the new meaning |
|---|---|---|
| **{{item:1252633}}** | the station | the season |
| **{{item:1252637}}** | dark-haired | tanned |
| **{{item:1252641}}** | pleased to meet you | delighted |
| **{{item:1252645}}** | the destiny, fate | the destination |

{{item:1252634}}

With *tren* or *autobús*, *la estación* is the station; with *verano*, *primavera* or *el año*, it is usually the season.

{{item:1252638}}

*Ser moreno* describes dark hair (or dark skin). *Estar moreno* usually means tanned, after days in the sun.

{{item:1252642}}

Said on its own when you meet someone, *encantado* is pleased to meet you. With *estar* and *con*, it means delighted with something. Both agree with the person: *encantada*, *encantados*.

### Destination, degrees, foreigners

| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| **{{item:1252649}}** | the degree |
| **{{item:1252653}}** | the foreigner |

{{item:1252647}}

*Creer en el destino* is to believe in fate. With a train, a trip or a place name, *el destino* is usually where you are going: *con destino a* means bound for.

{{item:1252652}}

Spain gives the temperature in degrees Celsius: *hay*, *hace* or *estamos a* + the number + *grados*.

{{item:1252655}}

*Un extranjero*, *una extranjera*: a person from another country. You will also hear *en el extranjero*, which means abroad.

Summer plans: destination, season and heat (el destino, la estación, el grado)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the season (of the year)	la estación
Summer is my favorite season.	El verano es mi estación favorita.
Spring is the best season to travel.	La primavera es la mejor estación para viajar.
The year has four seasons.	El año tiene cuatro estaciones.
tanned	moreno
You're so tanned, Ana!	¡Qué morena estás, Ana!
We'll come back from the beach very tanned.	Volveremos de la playa muy morenos.
My brother sunbathes and is very tanned.	Mi hermano toma el sol y está muy moreno.
delighted	encantado
We are delighted with the hotel.	Estamos encantados con el hotel.
My mother is delighted with the trip.	Mi madre está encantada con el viaje.
You guys will be delighted with the beach.	Estaréis encantados con la playa.
the destination	el destino
Next summer our destination will be the north of Spain.	El próximo verano nuestro destino será el norte de España.
The train bound for Madrid leaves at ten.	El tren con destino a Madrid sale a las diez.
We arrived at our destination very late.	Llegamos a nuestro destino muy tarde.
the degree (of temperature, of an angle)	el grado
Today it's thirty degrees in Madrid.	Hoy hay treinta grados en Madrid.
The water temperature is twenty degrees.	La temperatura del agua es de veinte grados.
Tomorrow it will be forty degrees.	Mañana hará cuarenta grados.
the foreigner	el extranjero
In summer many foreigners come to the beach.	En verano vienen muchos extranjeros a la playa.
Many foreigners learn Spanish in Spain.	Muchos extranjeros aprenden español en España.
Yesterday a foreigner asked me about the train station.	Ayer un extranjero me preguntó por la estación de tren.

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