Backing up what you say: sin duda, verdaderamente
Sin duda (without a doubt) can open the sentence or sit inside it between commas.
| Without a doubt, it's the best restaurant in the neighborhood. | Sin duda, es el mejor restaurante del barrio. |
| This book is, without a doubt, the most interesting of all. | Este libro es, sin duda, el más interesante de todos. |
Verdaderamente (truly) usually goes right before the adjective it strengthens; it is a little more emphatic and more formal than realmente.
| It was a truly incredible experience. | Fue una experiencia verdaderamente increíble. |
Narrowing it down: concretamente
Concretamente (to be precise) takes something general and pins it down, often after a comma. En concreto is a common alternative.
| She lives in the center of Spain, specifically in Madrid. | Vive en el centro de España, concretamente en Madrid. |
| I need help with the report, specifically with the figures. | Necesito ayuda con el informe, concretamente con las cifras. |
Summing up: en resumen, en definitiva, en conclusión
| marker | what it does |
|---|---|
| en resumen | gives a short summary of what was said |
| en definitiva | gives the bottom line, the conclusion that counts |
| en conclusión | closes a talk or an essay; the most formal |
| In summary, it was a difficult but good year. | En resumen, fue un año difícil pero bueno. |
En definitiva is frequent in conversation too.
| It's expensive and it's far away; all in all, I'm not convinced. | Es caro y está lejos; en definitiva, no me convence. |
| In conclusion, we need more teachers. | En conclusión, necesitamos más profesores. |
Total, que is the casual spoken cousin: it closes a story rather than an argument.
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