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Spanish (Spain)

### Independent Wishes with "Que"

In Spanish, you can express a wish or hope for someone by starting a sentence with **que** followed directly by a verb in the **present subjunctive**.

This structure is a shortened version of a sentence starting with a verb of hoping, like *Espero que...* (I hope that...). By dropping the main verb, the wish becomes direct. You will hear this very often when wishing someone well.

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These are often framed with exclamation marks to emphasize the emotion of the wish.

### Third-Party Wishes and Indirect Commands

This **que + subjunctive** structure is also used to express a hope or an indirect command about a third party, a situation, or an object. In English, this often translates to "May the..." or "Let them...".

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### Expressing Purpose: "Para que"

While independent wishes stand on their own, the present subjunctive is also used to connect two halves of a sentence with **para que** (so that). 

Unlike an independent wish, *para que* explains the purpose behind an action. The action in the main clause is done *so that* the action in the subjunctive clause can happen.

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### **¡A ver si…!**

**¡A ver si…!** expresses a hope, and it takes the indicative, not the subjunctive: *¡A ver si nos **vemos** pronto!* *¡A ver si mañana **hace** sol!*

Independent wishes (que)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the platform	el andén
You are crying on the platform so that I do not leave.	Lloras en el andén para que no me vaya.
May you find your friend on the platform soon!	¡Que encuentres pronto a tu amiga en el andén!
the carriage	el vagón
They have just cleaned the carriage for the long trip.	Acaban de limpiar el vagón para el viaje largo.
May you rest well in this carriage!	¡Que descanses bien en este vagón!
the track (train)	la vía
The train has just arrived at track two.	El tren acaba de llegar a la vía dos.
May the train on track two leave on time!	¡Que el tren de la vía dos salga puntual!
the journey	el trayecto
May you have a comfortable and safe journey!	¡Que tengas un trayecto cómodo y seguro!
You are taking a book so that the journey is short.	Llevas un libro para que el trayecto sea corto.
the return	el regreso
May your return home be very happy!	¡Que tu regreso a casa sea muy feliz!
I am preparing dinner so that we eat upon your return.	Preparo la cena para que comamos a tu regreso.
to take care of oneself	cuidarse
May you take good care of yourself during these holidays!	¡Que te cuides mucho durante estas vacaciones!
I have just called him so that he takes care of himself.	Acabo de llamarlo para que se cuide.
to make the most of	aprovechar
May you make the most of the opportunity to travel to France!	¡Que aproveches la oportunidad de viajar a Francia!
I am giving you this money so that you make the most of it.	Te doy este dinero para que lo aproveches.
the farewell	la despedida
May the farewell not be too difficult!	¡Que la despedida no sea demasiado difícil!
My mother has just cried at the farewell.	Mi madre acaba de llorar en la despedida.
the loudspeaker	el altavoz
They have just said my name over the loudspeaker.	Acaban de decir mi nombre por el altavoz.
May they repair the loudspeaker soon!	¡Que reparen pronto el altavoz!
the reunion	el reencuentro
May the reunion with your parents be great!	¡Que el reencuentro con tus padres sea estupendo!
We have just celebrated a happy reunion at the station.	Acabamos de celebrar un reencuentro feliz en la estación.
the wish, the desire	el deseo
My wish is that you come back soon.	Mi deseo es que vuelvas pronto.
What is your wish for this year?	¿Cuál es tu deseo para este año?
to deserve	merecer
You work a lot; you deserve a good vacation.	Trabajas mucho; mereces unas buenas vacaciones.
Nobody deserves such a sad farewell.	Nadie merece una despedida tan triste.
to be worth it (worth the effort)	merecer la pena
The journey is long, but it's worth it.	El trayecto es largo, pero merece la pena.
Is it worth taking the six o'clock train?	¿Merece la pena coger el tren de las seis?
get well soon!	¡que te mejores!
Get well soon, grandma!	¡Que te mejores, abuela!
Do you have the flu? Get well soon!	¿Tienes gripe? ¡Que te mejores!
all the best! / good luck!	¡que te vaya bien!
Goodbye, good luck in the new job!	Adiós, ¡que te vaya bien en el nuevo trabajo!
We say goodbye on the platform: all the best!	Nos despedimos en el andén: ¡que te vaya bien!
let's hope… (+ si)	a ver
Let's hope we see each other soon!	¡A ver si nos vemos pronto!
Let's hope the train arrives on time!	¡A ver si el tren llega puntual!
make yourself at home	estás en tu casa
Welcome! Make yourself at home.	¡Bienvenido! Estás en tu casa.
Sit down, please; make yourself at home.	Siéntate, por favor; estás en tu casa.

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