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Spanish (Spain)

### Same word, a new meaning in the shop

You already know four of these words. In a shop they usually mean something else.

| word | the meaning you know | in the shop |
|---|---|---|
| **{{item:1252461}}** | the number | the shoe size |
| **{{item:1252465}}** | of course | light (of a colour) |
| **{{item:1252469}}** | for, through | per (per kilo, per night) |
| **{{item:1252481}}** | to go down, to get off | to lower, to take down |
| **{{item:1252473}}** | — | the checkout, the till |
| **{{item:1252477}}** | — | the only one |

### Shoe sizes and light colours

In Spain, clothes come in a **talla** and shoes usually in a **número**.

{{item:1252462}}

{{item:1252463}}

After a colour, **claro** means light and **oscuro** means dark. The pair usually stays the same with any noun: **una camisa azul claro**.

{{item:1252466}}

### Prices: per kilo, per night

After a price, **por** + a noun with no article usually means *per*: **por kilo**, **por hora**, **por noche**. You will also hear **dos euros el kilo**, with the article and no **por**; it means the same.

{{item:1252470}}

{{item:1252472}}

### The till, the only one, and lower

In a shop, **la caja** is usually the checkout where you pay. Anywhere else it is usually a box.

{{item:1252475}}

Before its noun, after **el** or **la**, **único** usually means *the only*: **la única tienda**, **el único vestido rojo**.

{{item:1252480}}

With a thing as its object (prices, the music, a coat on a shelf), **bajar** usually means to lower, turn down or take down. *Bajar la escalera* is still to go down the stairs.

{{item:1252484}}

In the shop: shoe sizes, light colours and the till (el número, claro, la caja)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the (shoe) size	el número
Do you have these shoes in size forty?	¿Tiene estos zapatos en el número cuarenta?
What shoe size are you?	¿Qué número de pie tienes?
These shoes are small; I need one size bigger.	Estos zapatos son pequeños; necesito un número más.
light (of a colour: light blue)	claro
I want a light blue shirt.	Quiero una camisa azul claro.
Do you have this skirt in light grey?	¿Tiene esta falda en gris claro?
I prefer light green, not dark green.	Prefiero el verde claro, no el verde oscuro.
per (per person, per hour)	por
Oranges cost two euros per kilo.	Las naranjas cuestan dos euros por kilo.
The car park costs one euro per hour.	El aparcamiento cuesta un euro por hora.
The room costs one hundred euros per night.	La habitación cuesta cien euros por noche.
the checkout, the till (in a shop)	la caja
Excuse me, where is the checkout?	Perdone, ¿dónde está la caja?
There are a lot of people at the checkout.	Hay mucha gente en la caja.
You pay at the till, near the door.	Pagas en la caja, cerca de la puerta.
only (the only one)	único
It is the only shop in the village.	Es la única tienda del pueblo.
This is the only red dress.	Este es el único vestido rojo.
It is the only open checkout.	Es la única caja abierta.
to lower, to turn down (volume, prices); to take down	bajar
In January the shops lower the prices.	En enero las tiendas bajan los precios.
Turn down the music, please.	Baja la música, por favor.
Can you take that coat down for me, please?	¿Me puede bajar ese abrigo, por favor?

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