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Spanish (Spain)

### Health: **la salud**

**La salud** is health — the same word you raise a glass with, *¡salud!* Something good for you, or someone in good health, is **sano**.

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Use **ser sano** for what is healthy by nature, and **estar sano** for how a person is:

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For an everyday problem you go to your local **centro de salud**:

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### Emergencies

For something serious, Spain has **las urgencias** (A&E). It is plural, and you go **a urgencias**, with no article. An **ambulancia** takes you there.

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**¡Socorro!** is the cry for help when someone is in danger. **La ayuda** is help in general — and *¡Ayuda!* works as a cry too.

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### Waiting: **ya** and **todavía no**

| question | yes | not yet |
|---|---|---|
| ¿Ya ha llegado? | Sí, ya ha llegado. | No, todavía no ha llegado. |

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### Fit and well

**Estar en forma** is to be fit — always with **estar**. **De pie** means standing up, and **el peso** is weight: *perder peso* is to lose weight.

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Health and emergencies (la salud, las urgencias)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the health	la salud
Health is the most important thing.	La salud es lo más importante.
Smoking is bad for health.	Fumar es malo para la salud.
Today I have been to the health center.	Hoy he ido al centro de salud.
healthy	sano
My grandfather is ninety and is very healthy.	Mi abuelo tiene noventa años y está muy sano.
Fruit is very healthy.	La fruta es muy sana.
I want to eat more healthily.	Quiero comer más sano.
the illness, the disease	la enfermedad
It is a serious illness.	Es una enfermedad grave.
This disease is very dangerous.	Esta enfermedad es muy peligrosa.
The treatment has already cured the disease.	El tratamiento ya ha curado la enfermedad.
the emergency department, A&E	las urgencias
This morning I have been to A&E.	Esta mañana he ido a urgencias.
My father is in A&E.	Mi padre está en urgencias.
Today there are a lot of people in A&E.	Hoy hay mucha gente en urgencias.
the ambulance	la ambulancia
Call an ambulance!	¡Llama a una ambulancia!
Has the ambulance arrived yet?	¿Ya ha llegado la ambulancia?
The ambulance hasn't arrived yet.	La ambulancia todavía no ha llegado.
help! (in danger)	¡socorro!
Help! There's fire in the kitchen!	¡Socorro! ¡Hay fuego en la cocina!
Help! My son can't swim!	¡Socorro! ¡Mi hijo no sabe nadar!
Help! Call the police, you guys!	¡Socorro! ¡Llamad a la policía!
the help	la ayuda
Do you need help?	¿Necesitas ayuda?
Thank you for your help.	Gracias por tu ayuda.
I have already asked the neighbors for help.	Ya he pedido ayuda a los vecinos.
the weight	el peso
This month I have lost weight.	Este mes he perdido peso.
My weight hasn't changed this year.	Mi peso no ha cambiado este año.
The doctor says that I have to lose weight.	El médico dice que tengo que perder peso.
standing (up)	de pie
I am standing all day.	Estoy de pie todo el día.
On the metro I always travel standing up.	En el metro siempre voy de pie.
Waiters work standing up.	Los camareros trabajan de pie.
to be fit	estar en forma
My grandmother is eighty and is fit.	Mi abuela tiene ochenta años y está en forma.
This year I have done a lot of sport and I am fit.	Este año he hecho mucho deporte y estoy en forma.
Are you fit?	¿Estás en forma?
My brother is fitter than me.	Mi hermano está más en forma que yo.

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