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### Champions and records

| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| **el campeón**, **la campeona** | champion |
| **mundial** | world (adjective) |
| **femenino** | feminine; women's |
| **la bandera** | flag |
| **la pasión** | passion |
| **activo** | active |

**Campeón** changes for a woman, and the written accent disappears in the feminine and the plural: **la campeona**, **los campeones**.

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### **Mundial**, the adjective of **el mundo**

**Mundial** goes after the noun and has one form for both genders: **el récord mundial**, **la Segunda Guerra Mundial**. With champions you also hear **del mundo**: *el campeón del mundo* means the same as *el campeón mundial*.

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### Women's sport

In sport, **femenino** means *women's*. It goes after the noun and agrees with it.

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### With passion

Like almost every noun in **-ión**, **la pasión** is feminine (**el avión** is one of the few exceptions). **Con pasión** is *with passion*.

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Champions and flags (el campeón, mundial, la bandera)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular subjects and 'ser' (yo soy, esto es)

Plural nouns and definite articles (los, las)

Plural pronouns and 'ser' (somos, sois, son)

Adjective agreement (-o, -a, -os, -as)

Indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)

Simple negation (no)

Yes/no questions

Regular '-ar' verbs (-o, -as, -a...)

Regular '-er' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Regular '-ir' verbs (-o, -es, -e...)

Locative adverbs (aquí, allí)

Question words (quién, cómo)

The verb estar (estoy, estás)

The preposition en (en)

Ser vs. estar

The verb tener (tengo, tienes)

Possessive determiners (mi, tu, su)

Origin and possession (de, del)

The verb ir (voy, vas)

Destination (a, al)

The personal 'a' (a)

Stem-changing verbs: e to ie

Stem-changing verbs: o to ue

Irregular first-person verbs

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, dos, tres)

Numbers 11 to 20 (once, doce, trece)

Counting by tens to 100 (treinta, cuarenta, cien)

Compound numbers up to 99 (veintiuno, treinta y uno)

Days of the week (el lunes, el martes)

The family and the personal 'a' (a mi tío, a mi prima)

Months of the year

Telling time (es la, son las)

Verbs of liking (me gusta)

Plural agreement with verbs of liking (gustan)

Degree modifiers (muy, mucho)

Formal address (usted, ustedes)

Direct object pronouns (lo, la, los, las)

The near future (ir a)

Obligation (tener que)

Present continuous (-ando, -iendo)

Affirmative commands (tú, vosotros)

Basic Food and Drink

The Human Body: Head and Arms

The Human Body: Legs and Health

Wardrobe Essentials

Fresh Produce

Meals and Proteins

Public Transport

Hello and goodbye (hola, ¿qué tal?)

Thank you, sorry, OK (gracias, vale)

There is, there are (hay)

My building (la escalera, el ascensor)

Describing people (moreno, rubio, tímido)

Land and sea (el mar, el río, el norte)

Sightseeing (la plaza, la catedral)

Asking the way (cerca, a la derecha, todo recto)

In class (¿puedes repetir?)

Verb + infinitive (quiero comer, sé leer)

What's your name? (me llamo, encantado)

Phone, computer and email

Hundreds and thousands (doscientos, mil)

What do you do? (¿a qué te dedicas?)

Personal details (la edad, la fecha de nacimiento)

Me neither (también, tampoco, ni)

How much is it? (el precio, la vuelta)

What's the weather like? (hace sol, nieva)

Free time (el concierto, el tenis)

At the bar (¿qué vas a tomar?)

The Natural World

Demonstratives (este, ese, aquel)

Prepositions of place (encima de, debajo de)

Prepositional pronouns (para mí, contigo)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primero to décimo)

Adverbs of frequency (a veces, nunca)

Exclamations (¡qué...!)

Indefinite pronouns (algo, alguien)

Indefinite determiners (algún, ningún)

Indirect object pronouns (le, les)

Double object pronouns (me lo, te la)

Double object pronouns (se lo, se la)

Verbs of preference (encantar, interesar)

Impersonal obligation (hay que)

Starting and finishing actions (empezar a, terminar de)

Adjective comparatives (más que, menos que)

Comparatives of equality (tan como)

Noun comparatives (tanto como)

Question	Answer
the champion	el campeón
Our team has been champion this year.	Nuestro equipo ha sido campeón este año.
The champion has won three medals.	La campeona ha ganado tres medallas.
My sister was a swimming champion.	Mi hermana fue campeona de natación.
world (adjective), worldwide	mundial
The athlete has the world record.	La atleta tiene el récord mundial.
My grandfather lived through the Second World War.	Mi abuelo vivió la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
feminine; women's (as in women's football)	femenino
My daughter plays on a women's team.	Mi hija juega en un equipo femenino.
Women's football has more and more fans.	El fútbol femenino tiene cada vez más aficionados.
Spain won the women's football world championship.	España ganó el campeonato mundial de fútbol femenino.
the flag	la bandera
The fans are carrying their team's flags.	Los aficionados llevan banderas de su equipo.
The flag of Spain is red and yellow.	La bandera de España es roja y amarilla.
Today there are flags on all the balconies.	Hoy hay banderas en todos los balcones.
the passion	la pasión
Football is his passion.	El fútbol es su pasión.
The fans sing with a lot of passion.	Los aficionados cantan con mucha pasión.
My grandmother plays chess with passion.	Mi abuela juega al ajedrez con pasión.
active	activo
My grandfather is still very active at eighty.	Mi abuelo sigue muy activo a los ochenta años.
To be healthy, you have to be active.	Para estar sano, hay que ser activo.
My daughter is a very active girl.	Mi hija es una niña muy activa.

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