The imperfect subjunctive (-ra)

Forming the Imperfect Subjunctive

To talk about past wishes, suggestions, or emotions, use the imperfect subjunctive.

To form it:

  • Start with the ellos/ellas/ustedes form of the preterite (like repararon or votaron).
  • Drop the -ron.
  • Add the -ra endings: -ra, -ras, -ra, -ramos, -ran.
I wanted the mayor to repair the potholes in my street.
Quería que el alcalde reparara los baches en mi calle.
I wanted the citizens to vote for the campaign.
Quería que los ciudadanos votaran por la campaña.

Expressing Past Wishes

Just like the present subjunctive follows present-tense triggers, the imperfect subjunctive follows past-tense triggers (like quería que..., deseaba que..., or era importante que...).

We wanted him to fund the community campaign.
Queríamos que él financiara la campaña comunitaria.
It was important that they repair the pothole that we are looking at.
Era importante que repararan el bache que estamos mirando.
I wished that this project would benefit the city.
Deseaba que este proyecto beneficiara a la ciudad.

The "Nosotros" Accent

The nosotros form always requires a written accent on the vowel immediately before the ending (like the a in -áramos).

She wanted us to fund the new mural.
Ella quería que financiáramos el nuevo mural.

"Ojalá" with the Imperfect Subjunctive

When paired with ojalá, the imperfect subjunctive expresses a present or future wish that feels unlikely to happen—similar to "I wish they would..." in English.

I wish they would paint the mural that we are designing.
Ojalá pintaran el mural que estamos diseñando.