Preterite spelling changes (-gué, -qué, -cé)

In the preterite tense, verbs ending in -gar, -car, and -zar require a spelling change in the yo form. This keeps their pronunciation consistent.

The spelling changes

When conjugating these verbs for yo, drop the -ar ending and make the following adjustments before adding the :

Verb endingYo endingExample
-gar-guépagué
-car-quésaqué
-zar-céempecé

Verbs ending in -gar

To keep the hard "g" sound of verbs like pagar or cargar, we add a "u" to make -gué.

I paid the restaurant bill.
Pagué la cuenta del restaurante.
I charged the tax to the card.
Cargué el impuesto a la tarjeta.

Verbs ending in -car

To keep the hard "k" sound of verbs like sacar or verificar, the "c" changes to "qu" to make -qué.

I took cash out of the ATM yesterday.
Saqué efectivo del cajero ayer.
I verified the cash from the ATM.
Verifiqué el efectivo del cajero.

Verbs ending in -zar

For verbs like empezar or autorizar, the "z" changes to a "c" to make -cé.

I started the transfer to pay the debt.
Empecé la transferencia para pagar la deuda.
I authorized the transfer for the loan.
Autoricé la transferencia para el préstamo.

These spelling changes only happen in the yo form. All other pronouns follow the standard regular -ar endings (e.g., yo pagué, but tú pagaste).