Personal obligation (deber)

Personal Obligation and Advice with "Deber"

While hay que is used for general rules ("one must"), you can use the verb deber (must / should) to tell specific people what they need to do. To give advice or state a personal obligation, simply conjugate deber and follow it with an infinitive verb.

You must avoid stress because you are weak.
Debes evitar el estrés porque estás débil.
You must take your medicine and your vitamins.
Usted debe tomar su medicina y sus vitaminas.

Conjugating "Deber"

Deber is a regular -er verb. Here is how you conjugate it to match the person you are talking to or about:

SubjectConjugation
yodebo
debes
él / ella / usteddebe
nosotros / nosotrasdebemos
ellos / ellas / ustedesdeben

Notice how easily it pairs with infinitives to give health and wellness advice:

To take care of your heart, you must have a healthy diet.
Para cuidar el corazón, debes tener una dieta saludable.
For a healthy body, you must avoid sugar.
Para un cuerpo saludable, debes evitar el azúcar.
You must breathe deeply to rest your body.
Debes respirar profundo para descansar el cuerpo.

Asking for Advice

You can also use deber in questions to ask what you or someone else should do in a given situation.

Should I take the vitamins with these pills?
¿Debo tomar las vitaminas con estas pastillas?