Approximate numbers (la decena, el centenar)

Estimating Crowd Sizes

When a protest gathers, exact numbers are hard to count. First, you will need vocabulary like el manifestante (protester) and la pancarta (banner).

The protesters read the leader's banner.
Los manifestantes leen la pancarta del líder.

Spanish estimates sizes using collective nouns for "a group of" or "about" a number. For tens (and fifteen), use the suffix -ena.

These are singular feminine nouns, so they use una, connect to the counted objects with de, and take a singular verb—even though they describe multiple people!

  • una decena (about ten)
  • una quincena (about fifteen / a fortnight)
  • una veintena (about twenty)
About ten students are reading the banner now.
Una decena de estudiantes lee la pancarta ahora.
The demonstration was going to end a fortnight ago.
La manifestación iba a terminar hace una quincena.
We saw about twenty protesters with banners.
Vimos a una veintena de manifestantes con pancartas.

Higher Estimates and Hundreds

As the crowd grows and people start to corear (chant), you can use higher tens. The pattern remains the same:

  • una treintena (about thirty)
  • una cuarentena (about forty)
  • una cincuentena (about fifty)
About thirty citizens were chanting in the downtown.
Una treintena de ciudadanos coreaba en el centro.
There are about fifty people, and the door is closed.
Hay una cincuentena de personas, y la puerta está cerrada.

For hundreds, do not use the -ena suffix. The word for "a hundred" or "about a hundred" is el centenar. Because this is a masculine noun, it pairs with un.

A hundred leaders were going to organize the event.
Un centenar de líderes iba a organizar el evento.