Breakdown of Этот отдыхающий болен и не выйдет из номера.
и
and
не
not
этот
this [f: эта, n: это]
номер
number (phone, room)
болен
ill (болен, больна, больны)
из
out of
выйти
to exit, go out (pf) / to go beyond
отдыхающий
vacationer
Questions & Answers about Этот отдыхающий болен и не выйдет из номера.
Why does the word for vacationer (отдыхающий) look like an adjective?
Отдыхающий is a substantivized participle. It comes from the present active participle of the verb отдыхать (to rest or vacation), so it literally means "the one who is vacationing." Even though it acts completely as a noun here, it retains its adjective-like endings and declines exactly like an adjective.
If the vacationer were a woman, how would this sentence change?
Because отдыхающий is a participle acting as a noun, it must change to reflect the natural gender of the person. For a female vacationer, the sentence becomes: Эта отдыхающая больна и не выйдет из номера. Notice that the demonstrative pronoun (Эта) and the short-form adjective (больна) also change to the feminine form.
Why is the short-form adjective болен used here instead of больной?
Short-form adjectives are strongly preferred when expressing a temporary state. Here, болен emphasizes that the vacationer is currently sick. If you used the long form больной, it could imply that he is a chronically ill person, or it might even be read as another substantivized word meaning "the patient".
Why does the sentence use номер for "room" instead of комната?
The word номер specifically refers to a rented room in a hotel, motel, or holiday resort. Since the subject is an отдыхающий (vacationer), they are staying in a hospitality setting, so номер is the correct term. You would use комната to describe a room in a standard private house or apartment.
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