Breakdown of У этой планеты есть яркое солнце.
этот
this [f: эта, n: это]
у
at, by
есть
is, there is, to have
солнце
sun
Questions & Answers about У этой планеты есть яркое солнце.
Why do we use У этой планеты есть to mean "This planet has"?
In Russian, possession is most commonly expressed with the construction У + [owner] + есть + [possessed object]. Literally, this translates to "At this planet there is..." instead of using a direct verb for "to have."
Why did эта планета (this planet) change to этой планеты?
The preposition у always requires the Genitive case. For feminine nouns ending in -а, the Genitive ending is -ы, so планета becomes планеты. The word эта changes to этой to match the feminine Genitive noun.
What case is яркое солнце (a bright sun) in here?
It is in the Nominative case, which is the basic dictionary form. In the У ... есть ... construction, the thing that is possessed (the sun) is actually the grammatical subject of the sentence. It is the thing doing the "existing."
Why does the adjective яркое end in -ое?
Adjectives must match the gender of the noun they describe. Because солнце (sun) is a neuter noun, the adjective яркий (bright) takes the neuter Nominative ending -ое to become яркое.