Breakdown of Она совершенно не виновата.
не
not
она
she / it (for a feminine noun)
совершенно
absolutely
виноватый
guilty
Questions & Answers about Она совершенно не виновата.
Why use виновата instead of the full adjective виноватая?
виновата is a short-form adjective. Russian often uses short forms when an adjective acts as the main state or description in the sentence, doing the job of the verb 'to be'. Also, short forms usually express a temporary state or refer to a specific situation. Here, she is not to blame for this specific incident, rather than being a generally 'guilty' person by nature.
How would this sentence change if we were talking about a man or a group of people?
Short-form adjectives change to match gender and number. For a man, the ending drops entirely: Он совершенно не виноват (masculine). For a group of people, you use the plural ending -ы: Они совершенно не виноваты.
What is the origin of the word совершенно?
Why is не placed right before виновата instead of earlier in the sentence?
In Russian, the negative word не goes directly in front of the exact word it is negating. If you moved it and said Она не совершенно виновата, it would mean 'She is not completely guilty', which implies she is still a little bit at fault. Putting не right before виновата means she is completely, 100% not guilty.