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### How to Say "I Have" in Russian

Russian doesn't use a verb like "to have." Instead, you say that an object "is by" or "at" the owner.

The standard formula is:
**У** (at/by) + **[Owner]** + **есть** (is/there is) + **[Object]**.

The preposition **у** requires the owner to take the **genitive case**:

| Nominative (Subject) | Genitive (After "у") | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| **я** | **меня** | me |
| **ты** | **тебя** | you (informal) |
| **мы** | **нас** | us |
| **вы** | **вас** | you (formal/plural) |

The object being owned stays in its dictionary form (nominative case).

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### Asking Questions

To ask a question, keep the exact same word order as a statement and simply raise your intonation on the object you are asking about.

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### Plural Objects

The word **есть** acts as a fixed link. It never changes to match the owner, and it stays exactly the same whether you have one object or many.

{{item:897544}}

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### Adding Context

You can add time words to the beginning of the sentence, or list multiple objects using **и** (and).

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Possession with pronouns (у меня есть)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Presentative (это)

Noun gender

Soft-sign nouns (-ь)

Subject pronouns (я, ты, он...)

Yes/no questions (да / нет)

Basic interrogatives (кто / что)

Basic negation (не)

Coordinating conjunctions (и / а)

Possessive pronouns (мой, твой, наш, ваш)

Demonstrative pronouns (этот, эта, это)

Adjective agreement

Which and whose (какой, чей)

First conjugation verbs, singular (-ать)

First conjugation verbs, plural (-ать)

Second conjugation verbs (-ить)

Irregular present tense verbs

Adverbs of manner (как, очень)

Locations in prepositional case (в / на)

Prepositional case modifiers (-ом, -ой)

Topics of speech (о, об)

Direct objects (-у, -ю)

Direct object pronouns (меня, тебя)

Verbs of motion (идти, ехать)

Destination (куда, в, на)

Plural nouns (-ы, -и, -а, -я)

Irregular plural nouns (друзья, дети)

Plural adjectives and pronouns (-ые, -ие)

Numbers 1 to 10 (один, два, три)

Possession with nouns (-а, -я, -ы, -и)

Genitive of negation (нет)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Quantities with mass nouns (сколько, много, мало)

Animate direct objects

The past tense of to be (был, была, было, были)

Regular past tense verbs

Time sequence expressions (вчера, завтра, раньше, потом)

Verb aspect in the past tense

Dative personal pronouns (мне, тебе, ему)

Expressing likes (нравится, нравятся)

Absence (нет)

Expressing age (год, года, лет)

Indirect objects (-у, -ю, -е)

Modal verbs (хотеть, мочь)

Reason and contrast (поэтому, но)

Double negation (ничего, никогда)

Reflexive verbs (-ся, -сь)

Polite requests and instructions (-ите, -йте)

Days of the week (в + Accusative)

Compound future tense (буду...)

Simple future tense

Accompaniment (с)

Multidirectional verbs of motion (ходить, ездить)

Greetings and goodbyes (здравствуйте, привет)

Thank you and sorry (спасибо, извините)

Countries and languages (русский, английский)

Meeting people (меня зовут, как дела)

Public transport (трамвай, остановка)

Left, right and the compass (слева, справа)

Places in the city (цирк, зоопарк)

Fruit and vegetables (помидор, огурец)

Post and travel (открытка, чемодан)

Family and relatives (внук, родственник)

Jobs and professions (инженер, продавец)

Sport and games (футбол, теннис)

Describing people (умный, сильный)

Health and the body (болен, здоровье)

The months of the year (январь, февраль)

Accusative feminine and inanimate adjectives (-ую, -юю)

Accusative animate masculine adjectives (-ого, -его)

Short-form adjectives (готов, занят)

Personal obligation (должен, должна)

Professions in the instrumental case

Genitive singular adjectives and possessives

Prepositions of absence and purpose (без, для)

Dative singular adjectives and possessives

Impersonal states (мне холодно)

Impersonal obligation (надо, нужно)

Impersonal permission (можно / нельзя)

Instrumental adjectives and pronouns

Reciprocal verbs (с + Instrumental)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (свой)

Reflexive pronouns (себя)

Specific indefinite pronouns (-то)

Non-specific indefinite pronouns (-нибудь)

Negative pronouns (никто / ничто)

Numbers 11 to 20

Tens to 100

Question	Answer
at, by	у
is, there is, to have	есть
time	время
I have time.	У меня есть время.
In the morning I have time.	Утром у меня есть время.
question	вопрос
Do you have a question?	У тебя есть вопрос?
Do you have questions?	У вас есть вопросы?
idea	идея
I have a good idea.	У меня есть хорошая идея.
We have an interesting idea.	У нас есть интересная идея.
ticket	билет
Do you have a ticket to the theater?	У тебя есть билет в театр?
Yes, I have tickets.	Да, у меня есть билеты.
We have new computers.	У нас есть новые компьютеры.
passport	паспорт
Where is my passport?	Где мой паспорт?
Do you have my dictionary?	У тебя есть мой словарь?
plan	план
Now I have a plan.	Сейчас у меня есть план.
Where are we going? Do you have a plan?	Куда мы идём? У тебя есть план?
I have a passport and a ticket.	У меня есть паспорт и билет.