Irregular plural nouns (друзья, дети)

Completely Irregular Plurals: People and Children

Some common Russian words have completely irregular plurals. For instance, человек (person) and ребёнок (child) change entirely to люди (people) and дети (children).

The children are going to the park.
Дети идут в парк.

The Possessive "Their"

Unlike other possessive pronouns, the word for "their" (их) never changes form to match the noun it describes.

The "-ья" Plurals

Many common masculine nouns—and a few neuter ones—form their plural with -ья:

  • друг (friend) → друзья
  • брат (brother) → братья
  • муж (husband) → мужья
  • дерево (tree) → деревья
Where are the friends going?
Куда идут друзья?
Their brothers and husbands are here.
Их братья и мужья здесь.
These are people and trees.
Это люди и деревья.

Other nouns following this -ья pattern include стул (chair) → стулья, and лист (leaf) → листья.

Family Members: Sons, Daughters, and Mothers

Other family members have their own quirks:

  • сын (son) adds a syllable before the -ья ending: сыновья.
  • дочь (daughter) and мать (mother) add -ер- to the stem: дочери and матери.
My sons and daughters are reading together.
Мои сыновья и дочери читают вместе.
Our mothers are resting at home.
Наши матери отдыхают дома.

Neighbors, Eyes, and Money

Other everyday words have minor plural irregularities:

  • сосед (neighbor) takes a soft ending: соседи.
  • глаз (eye) takes a stressed ending: глаза.
The neighbors are going to the store.
Соседи идут в магазин.

Finally, деньги (money) is a plural-only noun, much like "clothes" or "scissors" in English. It has no singular form.