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### The Genitive Plural for Quantities

When you talk about quantities of five or more (including words like **миллион**), or use words like **много** (a lot), the noun that follows must be in the genitive plural. 

For most masculine nouns ending in a hard consonant, simply add **-ов** to the end of the word. For example, **доллар** becomes **долларов**, and **студент** becomes **студентов**.

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### Collections and Containers

The genitive plural is also essential when talking about groups, collections, or containers. Where English uses "of" (like a "group of" or a "box of"), Russian simply puts the second noun into the genitive case. 

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### Fleeting Vowels

Watch out for masculine nouns that have a "fleeting vowel"—an **о** or **е** in the last syllable that drops out when a case ending is added. For example, **носок** (sock) drops its **о** and becomes **носков** before the genitive plural suffix.

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### Nouns Ending in -й

If a masculine noun ends in the soft consonant **-й**, you cannot add the hard **-ов** ending. Instead, drop the **-й** and add **-ев**. For example, **герой** (hero or character) becomes **героев**.

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Genitive plural of masculine nouns (-ов, -ев)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Presentative (это)

Noun gender

Soft-sign nouns (-ь)

Subject pronouns (я, ты, он...)

Yes/no questions (да / нет)

Basic interrogatives (кто / что)

Basic negation (не)

Coordinating conjunctions (и / а)

Possessive pronouns (мой, твой, наш, ваш)

Demonstrative pronouns (этот, эта, это)

Adjective agreement

Which and whose (какой, чей)

First conjugation verbs, singular (-ать)

First conjugation verbs, plural (-ать)

Second conjugation verbs (-ить)

Irregular present tense verbs

Adverbs of manner (как, очень)

Locations in prepositional case (в / на)

Prepositional case modifiers (-ом, -ой)

Topics of speech (о, об)

Direct objects (-у, -ю)

Direct object pronouns (меня, тебя)

Verbs of motion (идти, ехать)

Destination (куда, в, на)

Plural nouns (-ы, -и, -а, -я)

Irregular plural nouns (друзья, дети)

Plural adjectives and pronouns (-ые, -ие)

Numbers 1 to 10 (один, два, три)

Possession with pronouns (у меня есть)

Possession with nouns (-а, -я, -ы, -и)

Genitive of negation (нет)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Quantities with mass nouns (сколько, много, мало)

Animate direct objects

The past tense of to be (был, была, было, были)

Regular past tense verbs

Time sequence expressions (вчера, завтра, раньше, потом)

Verb aspect in the past tense

Dative personal pronouns (мне, тебе, ему)

Expressing likes (нравится, нравятся)

Absence (нет)

Expressing age (год, года, лет)

Indirect objects (-у, -ю, -е)

Modal verbs (хотеть, мочь)

Reason and contrast (поэтому, но)

Double negation (ничего, никогда)

Reflexive verbs (-ся, -сь)

Polite requests and instructions (-ите, -йте)

Days of the week (в + Accusative)

Compound future tense (буду...)

Simple future tense

Accompaniment (с)

Multidirectional verbs of motion (ходить, ездить)

Greetings and goodbyes (здравствуйте, привет)

Thank you and sorry (спасибо, извините)

Countries and languages (русский, английский)

Meeting people (меня зовут, как дела)

Public transport (трамвай, остановка)

Left, right and the compass (слева, справа)

Places in the city (цирк, зоопарк)

Fruit and vegetables (помидор, огурец)

Post and travel (открытка, чемодан)

Family and relatives (внук, родственник)

Jobs and professions (инженер, продавец)

Sport and games (футбол, теннис)

Describing people (умный, сильный)

Health and the body (болен, здоровье)

The months of the year (январь, февраль)

Accusative feminine and inanimate adjectives (-ую, -юю)

Accusative animate masculine adjectives (-ого, -его)

Short-form adjectives (готов, занят)

Personal obligation (должен, должна)

Professions in the instrumental case

Genitive singular adjectives and possessives

Prepositions of absence and purpose (без, для)

Dative singular adjectives and possessives

Impersonal states (мне холодно)

Impersonal obligation (надо, нужно)

Impersonal permission (можно / нельзя)

Instrumental adjectives and pronouns

Reciprocal verbs (с + Instrumental)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (свой)

Reflexive pronouns (себя)

Specific indefinite pronouns (-то)

Non-specific indefinite pronouns (-нибудь)

Negative pronouns (никто / ничто)

Numbers 11 to 20

Question	Answer
dollar	доллар
I have five dollars.	У меня есть пять долларов.
This ticket costs a hundred dollars.	Этот билет стоит сто долларов.
million	миллион
A million students live in the city.	В городе живёт миллион студентов.
Is this a million dollars?	Это миллион долларов?
passenger	пассажир
There were many passengers in the bus.	В автобусе было много пассажиров.
list	список
Do you have a list of passengers?	У вас есть список пассажиров?
I am reading a list of questions.	Я читаю список вопросов.
group	группа
A group of passengers is waiting for the train.	Группа пассажиров ждёт поезд.
A group of tourists was here.	Здесь была группа туристов.
bag (plastic or paper)	пакет
He bought a bag of tomatoes.	Он купил пакет помидоров.
May I take a bag of bananas?	Можно взять пакет бананов?
box	ящик
We bought a box of cucumbers.	Мы купили ящик огурцов.
This box is for bananas.	Этот ящик для бананов.
pair	пара
sock	носок
I need a pair of socks.	Мне нужна пара носков.
I have a pair of tickets to the concert.	У меня есть пара билетов на концерт.
There are a lot of socks here.	Здесь много носков.
hero	герой
There are a lot of characters in the film.	В фильме много героев.
This is a computer museum.	Это музей компьютеров.
He is talking with a group of tourists.	Он разговаривает с группой туристов.
There are many heroes in this novel.	В этом романе много героев.