Turning: -о Adverbs From Left and Right
You already have слева and справа — where something IS. Налево and направо are where you GO. Russian keeps position and direction apart everywhere, exactly as it does with где and куда.
| position (где?) | direction (куда?) |
|---|---|
| слева — on the left | налево — to the left |
| справа — on the right | направо — to the right |
| здесь — here | сюда — to here |
| там — there | туда — to there |
Магазин *справа. — The shop is on the right. Идите направо.* — Go right.
| Go right, then left. | Идите направо, потом налево. |
Тут and Здесь
Тут and здесь both mean here and are interchangeable in almost every sentence. Тут is the more colloquial of the two; здесь is slightly more neutral in writing. Nothing turns on the choice.
Coming and Going, Up and Down
| word | |
|---|---|
| вперёд | forward |
| назад | back, backwards; also ago |
| вверх | up, upwards |
| вниз | down, downwards |
| оттуда | from there |
Назад does double duty: Идите назад is go back, but два года назад is two years ago. Both senses are extremely common.
| The bus is moving forward. | Автобус едет вперёд. |
Напротив and Везде
Напротив means opposite, and takes the genitive: напротив дома. Везде means everywhere.
| The shop is opposite the school. | Магазин напротив школы. |
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