Directions and places (налево, направо, сюда)

Turning: -о Adverbs From Left and Right

You already have слева and справа — where something IS. Налево and направо are where you GO. Russian keeps position and direction apart everywhere, exactly as it does with где and куда.

position (где?)direction (куда?)
слева — on the leftналево — to the left
справа — on the rightнаправо — to the right
здесь — hereсюда — to here
там — thereтуда — to there

Магазин *справа. — The shop is on the right. Идите направо.* — Go right.

Тут and Здесь

Тут and здесь both mean here and are interchangeable in almost every sentence. Тут is the more colloquial of the two; здесь is slightly more neutral in writing. Nothing turns on the choice.

Coming and Going, Up and Down

word
вперёдforward
назадback, backwards; also ago
вверхup, upwards
внизdown, downwards
оттудаfrom there

Назад does double duty: Идите назад is go back, but два года назад is two years ago. Both senses are extremely common.

The bus is moving forward.
Автобус едет вперёд.

Напротив and Везде

Напротив means opposite, and takes the genitive: напротив дома. Везде means everywhere.

The shop is opposite the school.
Магазин напротив школы.

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