After learning past participles for verbs ending in -a (-at) and -i (-it), let's look at the remaining groups: verbs ending in -ea and -e.
Verbs ending in -ea (-ut)
Verbs ending in -ea form the past participle with -ut. Note that the root sometimes changes slightly:
- a bea (to drink) -> băut
- a vedea (to see) -> văzut
- a cădea (to fall) -> căzut
| I drank the lemonade, and he drank the champagne. | Eu am băut limonada, iar el a băut șampania. |
| We saw the accident near the station. | Noi am văzut accidentul lângă gară. |
| The boy fell on the street. | Băiatul a căzut pe stradă. |
Verbs ending in -e (-s, -t, -ut)
Verbs ending in just -e are more varied. Depending on the verb, the past participle will usually end in -s, -t, or -ut.
Many common -e verbs take the -s ending (a înțelege -> înțeles, a răspunde -> răspuns):
| Did you understand the situation clearly? | Ați înțeles clar situația? |
| The student answered very clearly. | Studentul a răspuns foarte clar. |
Others take -t (a rupe -> rupt):
| Why did you tear the document? | De ce ai rupt documentul? |
Finally, some -e verbs take the -ut ending (a recunoaște -> recunoscut, a pierde -> pierdut):
| She recognized the landscape immediately. | Ea a recunoscut imediat peisajul. |
| I lost the ticket for the concert. | Am pierdut biletul pentru concert. |
Putting It All Together
Remember: while the auxiliary verb changes to match the subject (am, ai, a, am, ați, au), the past participle itself never changes form.
| Who opened the champagne and who drank the juice? | Cine a deschis șampania și cine a băut sucul? |
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