In English, words like "whose," "against whom," and "at the end of which" connect clauses and show possession. Romanian uses the genitive forms of the relative pronoun care.
These pronouns must agree in gender and number with the noun they refer back to (the antecedent).
- căruia: masculine and neuter singular
- căreia: feminine singular
- cărora: all plurals
Masculine and Neuter Singular: Căruia
When referring back to a masculine or neuter singular noun, use căruia. These pronouns often follow prepositions that require the genitive case, such as împotriva (against) or pe teritoriul (on the territory of).
| This is the ambassador against whom we voted the resolution. | Acesta este ambasadorul împotriva căruia am votat rezoluția. |
| The state on whose territory we are is internationally recognized. | Statul pe teritoriul căruia ne aflăm este recunoscut internațional. |
Feminine Singular: Căreia
When the antecedent is feminine singular, use căreia. Here, it follows the preposition în fața (in front of).
| The ambassador in front of whom we are sitting leads the delegation. | Ambasadoarea, în fața căreia stăm, conduce delegația. |
All Plurals: Cărora
Regardless of gender, use cărora for all plural nouns.
| The diplomats after whom we came signed a bilateral agreement. | Diplomații în urma cărora am venit au semnat un acord bilateral. |
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