QuestionAnswerWhich of the following is an example of a reflex that occurs at some point in the development of a human being?infant sucking on a nipplechild riding a biketeen socializingtoddler walkingLearning is best defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that ________.occurs as a result of experienceis innateis found only in humansoccurs by observing othersTwo forms of associative learning are ________ and ________.classical conditioning; operant conditioningclassical conditioning; Pavlovian conditioningoperant conditioning; observational learningoperant conditioning; learning conditioningIn ________ the stimulus or experience occurs before the behavior and then gets paired with the behavior.classical conditioningassociative learningobservational learningoperant conditioningA stimulus that does not initially elicit a response in an organism is a(n) ________.neutral stimulusunconditioned stimulusconditioned stimulusunconditioned responseIn Watson and Rayner’s experiments, Little Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat, and then he began to be afraid of other furry white objects. This demonstrates ________.stimulus generalizationhigher order conditioningacquisitionstimulus discriminationExtinction occurs when ________.the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with an unconditioned stimulusthe unconditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with a conditioned stimulusthe neutral stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with an unconditioned stimulusthe neutral stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with a conditioned stimulusIn Pavlov’s work with dogs, the psychic secretions were ________.conditioned responsesunconditioned responsesunconditioned stimuliconditioned stimuli________ is when you take away a pleasant stimulus to stop a behavior.negative punishmentpositive reinforcementnegative reinforcementpositive punishmentWhich of the following is not an example of a primary reinforcer?moneyfoodwatersexRewarding successive approximations toward a target behavior is ________.shapingextinctionpositive reinforcementnegative reinforcementSlot machines reward gamblers with money according to which reinforcement schedule?variable ratiofixed ratiofixed intervalvariable intervalThe person who performs a behavior that serves as an example is called a ________.modelteacherinstructorcoachIn Bandura’s Bobo doll study, when the children who watched the aggressive model were placed in a room with the doll and other toys, they ________.kicked and threw the dollignored the dollplayed nicely with the dollplayed with tinker toysWhich is the correct order of steps in the modeling process?attention, retention, reproduction, motivationmotivation, attention, reproduction, retentionattention, motivation, retention, reproductionmotivation, attention, retention, reproductionWho proposed observational learning?Albert BanduraIvan PavlovJohn WatsonB. F. SkinnerYour questions are stored by us to improve Elon.ioPractice this lessonThe content of this course has been taken from the free Psychology textbook by Openstax
