In Portuguese, the Presente do Conjuntivo (Present Subjunctive) expresses uncertainty, emotions, hopes, and wishes. You'll use it often to congratulate people or wish them well.
It is usually triggered by a verb expressing a desire—like querer (to want), esperar (to hope), or desejar (to wish)—followed by que (that).
Forming the Present Subjunctive
To form the present subjunctive for regular verbs, swap the verb's characteristic vowel:
- For -ar verbs, use -e endings.
- For -er and -ir verbs, use -a endings.
| Pronoun | -ar verbs (e.g., ganhar) | -er / -ir verbs (e.g., viver) |
|---|---|---|
| eu / ele / ela / você | ganhe | viva |
| tu | ganhes | vivas |
| nós | ganhemos | vivamos |
| eles / elas / vocês | ganhem | vivam |
| I want you to enjoy the party today. | Quero que tu aproveites a festa hoje. |
| I want her to win the prize in November. | Quero que ela ganhe o prémio em novembro. |
| We hope you live for many years. | Esperamos que vocês vivam muitos anos. |
| I hope we toast together at the wedding. | Espero que nós brindemos juntos no casamento. |
Wishes and Special Events
Combine these subjunctive triggers with celebratory vocabulary to offer congratulations (parabéns) or wish someone happiness and good health.
| Congratulations on your wedding! | Parabéns pelo teu casamento! |
| Congratulations! We hope you win the game. | Parabéns! Esperamos que vocês ganhem o jogo. |
| I wish that your health improves. | Desejo que a tua saúde melhore. |
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