Expressions of identity (o mesmo / a mesma)

The Same: O mesmo / A mesma

To express that things are "the same," Portuguese uses mesmo. Like other adjectives, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes. It is typically placed directly before the noun, accompanied by the corresponding definite article (o, a, os, or as).

They have the same car.
Eles têm o mesmo carro.
We had the same idea!
Tivemos a mesma ideia!

Twins and Identical Things

When talking about identical traits or people who look exactly alike, you will often use the adjective idêntico (identical) and the word gémeo (twin).

Notice that gémeo can be used as a standalone noun or as an adjective modifying a noun (as in irmão gémeo), and both words change their endings to match gender and number.

They are twin brothers.
Eles são irmãos gémeos.
We are identical twins.
Somos gémeos idênticos.
We wear identical clothing.
Nós usamos roupa idêntica.

Coincidences and Confusion

When people or things are too similar, it can easily lead to a mix-up. Let's look at how to point out a coincidence (a coincidência) and how to use the verb confundir (to confuse).

What a coincidence, we have the same name.
Que coincidência, temos o mesmo nome.
The teacher continues to confuse the students.
O professor continua a confundir as alunas.

Exactly Alike

To emphasize just how identical things are, you can add the adverb exatamente (exactly).

Conversely, if things are not quite identical but just look alike, use the adjective parecido (similar). These expressions are especially useful when comparing physical appearances (a aparência) or personal preferences (os gostos).

They have exactly the same appearance.
Elas têm exatamente a mesma aparência.
You have exactly the same tastes.
Vocês têm exatamente os mesmos gostos.
The two cats are very similar.
Os dois gatos são muito parecidos.