Questions & Answers about Jem śniadanie z mężem.
Why is it z mężem instead of z mąż?
The preposition z meaning "with" requires the noun that follows it to change into the Instrumental case. For most masculine nouns like mąż, we form this case by adding the ending -em.
Why does the vowel change from ą in mąż to ę in mężem?
This is a very common spelling shift in Polish! The letter ą inside a word often changes to ę when grammatical endings are added to it. You will see this happen with many other Polish words as you learn more cases.
Is śniadanie in the Accusative case here? Why didn't its ending change?
Yes, it is the direct object being eaten, so it is in the Accusative case. However, śniadanie is a neuter noun. Neuter nouns always look exactly the same in the Accusative case as they do in their basic dictionary form, so the ending stays exactly as it is.
Where is the word for "I" in this sentence?
In Polish, the verb itself tells you who is doing the action. The form jem specifically means "I am eating" or "I eat". Because the verb makes it obvious, you don't need to include the pronoun ja (I) unless you want to add special emphasis.