Learn Polish: Mam już dość deszczu. - I have had enough of the rain.

In Polish, words that express a quantity or amount, like dużo (a lot), mało (a little), and dość (enough), are always followed by the Genitive case. Since you have enough of the rain, deszcz changes to its Genitive form, deszczu.

Why does the Genitive form of deszcz end in -u and not -a?

Masculine inanimate nouns usually take the -u ending in the Genitive case. While there are common exceptions that take -a (like tools or months), weather words like deszcz (rain) or wiatr (wind) follow the standard -u rule, giving us deszczu.

How does the word już change the meaning of this sentence?

Literally, mam dość means 'I have enough'. Adding już (already) shifts the focus to having reached your limit by this exact point in time. It perfectly captures the English present perfect feeling of 'I have had enough by now' or 'I am officially fed up'.

Can I use mieć dość to say I have had enough food?

No, mieć dość is used for annoyance or frustration, meaning to be fed up with something or someone. If you want to say you have had enough to eat, you would use a phrase like jestem najedzony (I am full).