Irregular plurals: ksiądz and brat
A few masculine personal (virile) nouns have highly irregular plural forms ending in -a. Despite the feminine-looking ending, they remain strictly masculine personal and take masculine personal modifiers (like ci or moi).
Two of the most common examples are ksiądz (priest) and brat (brother).
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| ten ksiądz | ci księża |
| twój brat | twoi bracia |
| The priest is starting the mass. | Ksiądz zaczyna mszę. |
| These priests know the bishop from our parish. | Ci księża znają biskupa z naszej parafii. |
| The brothers from this religious order always pray. | Bracia z tego zakonu zawsze się modlą. |
| My brothers are praying in front of the altar. | Moi bracia modlą się przed ołtarzem. |
Church and faith vocabulary
This lesson introduces terms related to the church and clergy. You will also frequently see the reflexive verb modlić się (to pray).
| All the faithful listen to the sermon during the mass. | Wszyscy wierni słuchają kazania podczas mszy. |
| The faithful have faith, so they pray in the church. | Wierni mają wiarę, więc modlą się w kościele. |
Expressing consequence: więc and zatem
To express results or consequences, use the conjunctions więc (so) or zatem (therefore). They are generally interchangeable. Always place a comma before them when connecting two complete thoughts.
| The priest is ready, therefore he is starting the sermon. | Ksiądz jest gotowy, zatem zaczyna kazanie. |
| I know this religion, so I respect their faith. | Znam tę religię, więc szanuję ich wiarę. |
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