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To express preferences in Polish, we use the verb **woleć** (to prefer).

### Conjugating woleć

The verb **woleć** conjugates like this:

| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| I / We | wolę | wolimy |
| You | wolisz | wolicie |
| He/She/It / They | woli | wolą |

### Woleć + Accusative Noun

When you prefer a specific thing, **woleć** is followed directly by a noun in the **Accusative** case. Feminine nouns ending in **-a** change to **-ę**, and their matching adjectives end in **-ą**.

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Masculine inanimate nouns (like *obiad* or *produkt*) look identical to their dictionary forms in the Accusative. 

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### Woleć + Infinitive Verb

When you prefer to *do* something, pair the conjugated form of **woleć** with a second verb in its **infinitive** (dictionary) form.

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### Allergies and Restrictions

To say you are allergic to something, use **alergia na** followed by the Accusative case.

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You can seamlessly combine this vocabulary with **woleć** and an infinitive.

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### Nutrition: Protein, Fat, and Dairy

Key terms for discussing diets include **białko** (protein), **tłuszcz** (fat), and **nabiał** (dairy). Because *białko* is neuter, and *tłuszcz* and *nabiał* are inanimate masculine nouns, their Accusative forms match their dictionary forms.

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To say someone prefers *not* to do something, place **nie** directly before the infinitive. Remember that negated verbs require the Genitive case instead of the Accusative (e.g., adding **-u** to *tłuszcz* and *nabiał*).

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Expressing preference (woleć)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

This is (to jest)

The verb to be, singular (być)

Formal address (Pan, Pani)

Demonstrative pronouns (ten, ta, to)

Adjective agreement

Negation (nie)

Basic questions (czy, kto, co, gdzie, jak)

The verb to be, plural (być)

Present tense -m/-sz verbs

Reflexive verbs (się)

Coordinating conjunctions (i, a, ale)

Feminine direct objects (Accusative)

Inanimate direct objects (Accusative)

Animate masculine direct objects (Accusative)

Present tense verbs 2 (-ę, -isz / -ysz)

Expressing location (w, na)

Locative adjective agreement

Professions and nationalities (Instrumental)

Accompaniment (z + Instrumental)

Present tense verbs 3 (-ę, -esz)

Plural possessives (nasz, wasz)

Numbers 1 to 10

Genitive of possession

Genitive of negation

Lack or absence (nie ma)

Basic quantifiers (dużo, mało, trochę)

Liking things (podoba mi się)

Modal verbs (móc, musieć)

Subordinating conjunctions (bo, że)

Unidirectional motion verbs (iść, jechać)

Expressing age (mieć... lat)

Habitual motion (chodzić, jeździć)

Expressing destination (do)

Days of the week (poniedziałek, wtorek...)

Plural nouns for objects and animals

Plural nouns for people

Plural adjective agreement

Accusative object pronouns (go, ją, je...)

The past tense of to be (był)

Singular past tense (-łem, -łam...)

Expressing age (mieć + lata / lat)

Plural past tense (-li / -ły)

Perfective past tense

Future tense (będę + infinitive)

Age: one year (mieć rok)

Prices and currency (złoty, grosz)

Destination (na + accusative)

Non-masculine plurals (-e, -y, -i)

Instrumental pronouns (ze mną, z tobą)

To know (znać vs wiedzieć)

The future perfective tense

The imperative mood

Months of the year (styczeń, luty)

Greetings and farewells (dzień dobry, cześć)

Introducing yourself (mam na imię)

Thank you and sorry (dziękuję, przepraszam)

Left, right, up and down (po lewej stronie)

Parts of the body (ręka, noga)

Parts of the day (dzień, noc, południe)

What is it like? (jaki, jaka, jakie)

Speaking Polish (mówić po polsku)

Instrumental for adjectives (dobrym, dobrą)

Please do... (proszę + infinitive)

Interests (interesować się + Instrumental)

Can one? (można, trzeba, nie wolno)

By bus or by train (jechać autobusem)

Where are you from? (jestem z Polski)

Where exactly? (obok, przy, przed, za, pod, nad)

What time is it? (Która godzina?)

Not seeing her (go, jej, ich; niego, niej, nich)

When I have time (kiedy as a conjunction)

Irregular past stems (miał, mieli)

The verb 'iść' in the past (szedł, szli)

Imperfective future (będę odpoczywał)

Past aspect (robił vs zrobił)

Future aspect (będzie malował vs pomaluje)

Perfective motion with po- (pójść, pojechać)

Arrival verbs with przy- (przyjść, przyjechać)

Departure verbs with wy- (wyjść, wyjechać)

The Vocative case (Panie, Mamo)

Plural possessives (moi, moje)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (swój)

Genitive plural of masculine nouns (-ów, -y, -i)

Genitive plural of feminine and neuter nouns

Genitive plural of adjectives (-ych, -ich)

Accusative plural of masculine personal nouns

Question	Answer
to prefer	woleć
diet	dieta
vegetarian	wegetariański
I prefer a vegetarian diet.	Wolę dietę wegetariańską.
product	produkt
vegan	wegański
I prefer to buy vegan products.	Wolę kupować produkty wegańskie.
allergy	alergia
nut	orzech
I have a nut allergy.	Mam alergię na orzechy.
I prefer to avoid nuts because I have an allergy.	Wolę unikać orzechów, bo mam alergię.
Is this the product you prefer?	Czy to ten produkt, który wolisz?
protein	białko
My vegetarian diet has a lot of protein.	Moja dieta wegetariańska ma dużo białka.
fat (substance)	tłuszcz
There is no fat in this soup.	W tej zupie nie ma tłuszczu.
He prefers not to eat fat.	On woli nie jeść tłuszczu.
dairy	nabiał
I don't eat dairy because I have an allergy.	Nie jem nabiału, bo mam alergię.
Do you prefer a vegan lunch, sir?	Woli pan wegański obiad?
Do you prefer dairy or other protein?	Wolisz nabiał czy inne białko?