To make a command more urgent, forceful, or impatient, attach the emphatic particle -że or -ż directly to the end of an imperative verb. It acts similarly to adding "just," "do," or "already" to an English command.
- Use -że when the imperative ends in a consonant.
- Use -ż when the imperative ends in a vowel (typically plural commands, e.g., dajcie becomes dajcież).
All examples in this lesson are singular commands ending in a consonant, so they all take -że.
| Go home already, you are tired! | Idźże już do domu, jesteś zmęczony! |
| Give me the blanket, I am cold! | Dajże mi koc, jest mi zimno! |
Expressing Frustration and Impatience
The emphatic particle is frequently used to plead with someone to come to their senses, calm down, or stop an annoying behavior.
| Come to your senses and stop saying this nonsense! | Opamiętajże się i przestań mówić te głupoty! |
| Calm down and stop screaming at me! | Uspokójże się i przestań na mnie wrzeszczeć! |
| Stop crying already, it does not matter! | Nie płaczże już, to nie ma znaczenia! |
| Tell me, have you gone crazy? This is stupidity! | Powiedzże mi, czy ty oszalałeś? To jest głupota! |
| Do focus finally and use some sense! | Skupże się wreszcie i użyj rozsądku! |
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