Addressing people (proszę pana, kochanie)

Getting attention politely

proszę pana — excuse me, sir; to a woman: proszę pani. This is how you stop a stranger, call a waiter, or open a question to someone you say pan/pani to: Proszę pana, gdzie jest bank?

Asking how things are

co słychać — how are things? — literally what is to be heard. The informal sibling of jak się masz; a normal answer is Wszystko w porządku or Nic nowego (nothing new).

Warm address

kochanie — darling, sweetheart — for partners and children. In the Vocative it stays the same: Kochanie, gdzie jesteś?

facet — guy, bloke — informal but completely normal spoken Polish: Kto to jest ten facet?

Family words you were missing

ciocia — auntie, the warm everyday word (ciotka is more formal), rodzeństwo — siblings (a neuter collective: Czy masz rodzeństwo?), niemowlę — baby, infant.