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<p>
	There are multiple ways to make a sentence negative in Japanese, depending on the politeness of your speech.
	In the beginning of this course we will only focus on <strong>neutral</strong> speech, which is polite enough for most situations.
	This is more polite than <strong>casual</strong> speech, and less polite than <strong>formal</strong> speech.
	You will learn the other forms in later lessons.
</p>

<table class="ui fixed celled table">
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>English</th>
			<th>Japanese</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr data-item="24845"></tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<p>
	Study the table below.
</p>

<table class="ui fixed celled table">
	<thead>
		<tr>
			<th>English</th>
			<th>Japanese</th>
		</tr>
	</thead>
	<tbody>
		<tr data-item="24846"></tr>
		<tr data-item="24854"></tr>
		<tr data-item="24855"></tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<p>
	In the question and the responses in the table, note that in the case of a negative question, Japanese speakers say <strong>yes</strong> to affirm that the situation in the question is the case, that it is indeed not a dog.
	By responding with <strong>no</strong>, you deny that the situation the question describes is the case.
</p>

<p>
	This is the opposite of how English speakers use <strong>yes</strong> and <strong>no</strong>, so it can be quite confusing.
	However, when you think about it, the Japanese way is actually more logical.
</p>

Negating nouns

adjectival noun

adjectival phrase

adnominal

adverb

adverbial noun

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

case particle

compound

conjunction

conjunctive particle

discourse

discourse particle

expression

godan - group 1

group 3

hiragana character

hiragana writing

i-adjective

interjection

intransitive

itidan - group 2

kanji

kanji component

kanji writing

katakana character

katakana writing

na-adjective

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

pronoun

proper noun

reading vocabulary

sentence

suffix

transitive

verb

The verb to be

Hiragana 1

Kanji 1

Writing hiragana 1

Writing kanji 1

Hiragana 2

Kanji 2

The question particle か

Writing hiragana 2

This one and that one

Writing kanji 2

Reading exercise 1

Reading exercise 2

Hiragana 3

Writing hiragana 3

The topic particle は

Kanji 3

The possession particle の

い-adjectives and な-adjectives

The subject particle が

Here and there

There is, there are

Writing kanji 3

Kanji 4

Group 1 verbs, direct and indirect objects

Group 2 verbs

Hiragana 4

Verbs in the past tense

Negating verbs

Invitations and the particle と

Negating past verbs

Writing hiragana 4

Reading exercise 3

Writing kanji 4

Reading exercise 4

Kanji 5

Nouns and the past tense

This and that

The group 3 verbs する and 来る

The discourse particles ね and よ

The location particles に and で

Hiragana 5

Writing hiragana 5

Writing kanji 5

The destination particles に and へ

Kanji 6

The origin particle から

Hiragana 6

Relative positions

Conjugating い-adjectives

Writing hiragana 6

Writing kanji 6

Hiragana 7

Writing hiragana 7

Kanji 7

Conjugating な-adjectives

How are you?

The particle も

The word ちょっと

Reading exercise 7

Question	Answer
not	ないnai
it is not the case	じゃ　ないzya nai
This is not a book.	これ　は　本ほん　じゃ　ない　です。kore ha hon zya nai desu.
Is that (over there) the moon?	あれ　は　月つき　です　か？are ha tuki desu ka?
no	いいえiie
No, that (over there) is not the moon.	いいえ、　あれ　は　月つき　じゃ　ない　です。iie, are ha tuki zya nai desu.
Isn't it a dog? / Is it not a dog?	犬いぬ　じゃ　ない　です　か？inu zya nai desu ka?
Yes, it is not a dog.	ええ、　犬いぬ　じゃ　ない　です。ee, inu zya nai desu.
No, it is a dog.	いいえ、　犬いぬ　です。iie, inu desu.
one person; alone	一ひと人りhitori
Are you alone?	一ひと人り　です　か？hitori desu ka?
No, (I) am not alone.	いいえ、　一ひと人り　じゃ　ない　です。iie, hitori zya nai desu.

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