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Breakdown of 〜te aru
あるaru
to exist; to have; (used for non-living entities)
Usages of 〜te aru
窓 が 開けて ある。mado ga akete aru.
The window has been opened (by someone, and is still open).
門 は 閉めて あります。mon wa shimete arimasu.
The gate has been closed (by someone, and is still closed).
レポート が 書いて ある。repooto ga kaite aru.
The report has been written (by someone).
ご飯 が 作って ある。gohan ga tsukutte aru.
The meal has been prepared (by someone).
文章 は ノート に 書いて ある。bunshou wa nooto ni kaite aru.
The sentence has been written in the notebook (by someone).
コンピュータ が 立ち上げて ある。konpyuuta ga tachiagete aru.
The computer is started up (by someone).
ベッド の 横 に は 机 が 置いて ある。beddo no yoko ni wa tsukue ga oite aru.
A desk has been put beside the bed (by someone).
壁 に 大きな 地図 が 貼って あります。kabe ni ookina chizu ga hatte arimasu.
There is a large map on the wall. (pasted on the wall)
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“How do verb conjugations work in Japanese?”
Japanese verbs conjugate based on tense, politeness, and mood. For example, the polite present form adds ‑ます to the verb stem, while the past tense uses ‑ました. Unlike English, Japanese verbs don't change based on the subject — the same form works for "I", "you", and "they".
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