Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

To avoid repeating a noun, use a direct object pronoun ("it," "him," "her," or "them"). In Italian, these agree in gender and number with the noun they replace and go immediately before the conjugated verb.

SingularPlural
Masculineloli
Femininelale

Lo and La (Singular)

Use lo to replace masculine singular nouns and la for feminine singular nouns.

Where is the dictionary? I am looking for it.
Dov'è il dizionario? Lo cerco.
Maria loves pizza. She eats it often.
Maria ama la pizza. La mangia spesso.

In negative sentences, the pronoun goes between non and the verb.

The text is difficult. I do not understand it.
Il testo è difficile. Non lo capisco.

Li and Le (Plural)

Use li for masculine plural nouns and le for feminine plural nouns.

These flowers are beautiful. I buy them.
Questi fiori sono belli. Li compro.
Where are the t-shirts? I do not see them.
Dove sono le magliette? Non le vedo.

People vs. Things

These same pronouns replace both inanimate objects and people.

The professor helps Maria, and she thanks him.
Il professore aiuta Maria, e lei lo ringrazia.
I love my mother and I thank her.
Amo mia madre e la ringrazio.
The grandparents arrive today. We are waiting for them at the station.
I nonni arrivano oggi. Li aspettiamo alla stazione.

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